Barilan Y Michael
Department of Medical Education, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Perspect Biol Med. 2007 Autumn;50(4):557-71. doi: 10.1353/pbm.2007.0042.
Israel has recently enacted a law on the care of terminally ill patients. This law, the Patient Nearing Death Act, is the first of its kind in the world. The law divides terminally ill patients--upon their own wishes--into two separate groups: "those who wish their lives be prolonged," and those who do not. Doctors will have to abide by elaborate advanced directives and take into account various sources of information on the presumed wishes of the patient. The law sanctions discontinuation of mechanical ventilation should it become a "cyclical" rather than "continuous" therapy, a provision that has implications for the use of the already available paraPAC ventilators. The law exposes gaps in modern Judaism between the religious law and the attitudes of the observant population with regard to medical ethics.
以色列最近颁布了一项关于绝症患者护理的法律。这项名为《濒死患者法案》的法律是世界上同类法律中的首例。该法律根据绝症患者自身的意愿，将他们分为两个不同的群体：“希望延长生命的人”和不希望延长生命的人。医生必须遵守详尽的预先指示，并考虑关于患者假定意愿的各种信息来源。如果机械通气成为一种“周期性”而非“持续性”治疗，该法律批准停止这种治疗，这一规定对已有的帕拉普（paraPAC）呼吸机的使用有影响。该法律揭示了现代犹太教在宗教法与遵守教规者在医学伦理方面的态度之间存在的差距。
