Meshberg-Cohen Sarah, Svikis Dace
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
Compr Psychiatry. 2007 Nov-Dec;48(6):504-10. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.06.004. Epub 2007 Aug 21.
The present study examined differences in rates of panic disorder and trait anxiety in pregnant and nonpregnant women receiving care at an urban obstetrics and gynecology clinic. The study further examined correlates and differences in alcohol use among these women. In addition, the study assessed whether panic disorder and trait anxiety influence alcohol use and whether pregnancy status moderates these associations.
The sample consisted of 412 pregnant and 139 nonpregnant women receiving care at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Health Systems' obstetrics and gynecology clinics for the first time. Participants completed a questionnaire packet, including instruments about emotional and psychologic functioning (eg, panic disorder, anxiety), health-related behaviors (eg, alcohol use), and demographic information.
Pregnant women were less likely than nonpregnant women to have panic disorder. There were no differences in trait anxiety levels between pregnant and nonpregnant women. After controlling for demographics, panic disorder and trait anxiety were significant predictors of greater alcohol use in pregnant and nonpregnant women. An interaction revealed that pregnant and nonpregnant women with low trait anxiety had similar levels of alcohol use; however, nonpregnant women with high trait anxiety consumed significantly more alcohol than pregnant women with high trait anxiety.
Current study findings support the need to examine panic disorder and trait anxiety as potential risk factors for alcohol use among pregnant and nonpregnant women in the community. Findings have important implications for assessment and treatment of panic, anxiety, and alcohol use.
本研究调查了在一家城市妇产科诊所接受护理的孕妇和非孕妇中惊恐障碍和特质焦虑发生率的差异。该研究进一步调查了这些女性饮酒情况的相关因素及差异。此外，该研究评估了惊恐障碍和特质焦虑是否会影响饮酒，以及妊娠状态是否会调节这些关联。
样本包括412名首次在弗吉尼亚联邦大学（VCU）健康系统妇产科诊所接受护理的孕妇和139名非孕妇。参与者完成了一组问卷，包括有关情绪和心理功能（如惊恐障碍、焦虑）、健康相关行为（如饮酒）以及人口统计学信息的量表。
孕妇患惊恐障碍的可能性低于非孕妇。孕妇和非孕妇的特质焦虑水平没有差异。在控制了人口统计学因素后，惊恐障碍和特质焦虑是孕妇和非孕妇饮酒量增加的显著预测因素。一项交互作用显示，特质焦虑水平低的孕妇和非孕妇饮酒量相似；然而，特质焦虑水平高的非孕妇比特质焦虑水平高的孕妇饮酒量显著更多。
当前的研究结果支持将惊恐障碍和特质焦虑作为社区中孕妇和非孕妇饮酒潜在风险因素进行调查的必要性。研究结果对惊恐、焦虑和饮酒的评估及治疗具有重要意义。
