Razack Azad H A
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Asian J Surg. 2007 Oct;30(4):302-9. doi: 10.1016/S1015-9584(08)60045-7.
Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the urinary tract, and overall it is among the top 10 cancers in men. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common type, with the majority being superficial disease, i.e. the tumour has not gone beyond the lamina propria. The main problem with superficial TCC is the high recurrence rate. Various forms of treatment methods have been attempted to reduce the recurrence rate, with intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) being the most successful to date. In fact, intravesical BCG is one of the most successful forms of immunotherapy in the treatment of any form of cancer. This article is a general review of BCG in bladder cancer with an emphasis on the indication and mechanism of action in reducing recurrence and progression.
膀胱癌是泌尿系统中第二常见的癌症，总体而言，它在男性十大癌症中名列前茅。移行细胞癌（TCC）是最常见的类型，大多数为浅表性疾病，即肿瘤尚未超出固有层。浅表性TCC的主要问题是高复发率。人们尝试了各种治疗方法来降低复发率，其中膀胱内灌注卡介苗（BCG）是迄今为止最成功的方法。事实上，膀胱内灌注BCG是治疗任何形式癌症中最成功的免疫疗法之一。本文是对BCG治疗膀胱癌的综述，重点介绍其在降低复发和进展方面的适应证及作用机制。
