Diaz-Montano John, Reese John C, Schapaugh William T, Campbell Leslie R
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 123 West Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2007 Oct;100(5):1657-62. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493(2007)100[1657:clcbsa]2.0.co;2.
The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a worldwide pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. Studies to find control methods were initiated in 2000 when it was first detected in North America. A. glycines can reduce yields by as much as 50%, and it is the vector of several viral diseases. A. glycines removes phloem sap, which can result in a reduction of chlorophyll content. Quantification of chlorophyll loss caused by A. glycines feeding on soybean is of vital importance. The SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter is a device that has been used to measure chlorophyll loss caused by nonchewing insects. Chlorophyll loss was studied in no-choice tests on the infested and uninfested leaves of a susceptible check (KS4202). The minimum combined number of days and aphids needed to detect significant chlorophyll loss was 30 aphids confined for 10 d. In a similar experiment, seven resistant entries and two susceptible checks were evaluated. There was no significant chlorophyll reduction between infested and uninfested leaves of five of the resistant entries (K1621, K1639, Pioneer 95B97, Dowling, and Jackson). Percentage of loss of chlorophyll in the susceptible checks was approximately 40%; Jackson and Dowling had a significantly lower percentage loss (13 and 16%, respectively) compared with the susceptible checks. The percentages of chlorophyll loss of K1621, K1639, and Pioneer 95B97 were not statistically different from the percentage of loss of Jackson.
大豆蚜，即豆蚜（半翅目：蚜科），是一种危害全球大豆（大豆属）的害虫。2000年首次在北美被发现后，人们就开始研究其防治方法。豆蚜可使大豆产量降低多达50%，并且它还是几种病毒病的传播媒介。豆蚜吸食韧皮部汁液，这会导致叶绿素含量降低。量化豆蚜取食大豆所造成的叶绿素损失至关重要。SPAD - 502叶绿素仪是一种用于测量非咀嚼式昆虫造成的叶绿素损失的仪器。在针对感病对照品种（KS4202）的未侵染叶片和已侵染叶片进行的无选择试验中，研究了叶绿素损失情况。检测到显著叶绿素损失所需的最少蚜虫天数组合为30头蚜虫被限制10天。在一项类似实验中，对7个抗性品种和2个感病对照品种进行了评估。5个抗性品种（K1621、K1639、先锋95B97、道林和杰克逊）的已侵染叶片和未侵染叶片之间叶绿素含量没有显著降低。感病对照品种的叶绿素损失百分比约为40%；与感病对照品种相比，杰克逊和道林的损失百分比显著较低（分别为13%和16%）。K1621、K1639和先锋95B9N的叶绿素损失百分比与杰克逊的损失百分比在统计学上没有差异。
