Scully B E, Clynes N, Neu H C
Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1991 Sep-Oct;14(5):435-41. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(91)90070-v.
We determined the efficacy and safety of orally administered ofloxacin, 400 mg twice daily, in the treatment of infections due to multiply-resistant bacteria. Patients (n = 99) were treated for 84 infections in 82 patients evaluable for efficacy with a bacteriologic response of 71%. Organisms treated included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (39), Staphylococcus aureus (11), Serratia marcescens (9), Enterobacter species (7), five each of Escherichia coli, Citrobacter, Salmonella, Klebsiella, and other organisms. The overall clinical responses was 89%: 28 (90%) of 16 osteomyelitis, 10 (83%) of 12 urinary tract infections, and three of three bacteremias. Insomnia occurred in 27% and responded to dose reduction. Resistance of P. aeruginosa to ofloxacin developed in 15% of isolates. No hepatic, renal, or hematologic toxicity developed in spite of long therapy, 283 days. Ofloxacin was an effective therapy for lower respiratory, urinary, bone, and soft tissue infections due to multiply-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and is effective for selected Staphylococcus aureus infections.
我们确定了每日两次口服400毫克氧氟沙星治疗多重耐药菌感染的疗效和安全性。99名患者因82例可评估疗效的感染接受治疗，细菌学反应率为71%。所治疗的微生物包括铜绿假单胞菌（39例）、金黄色葡萄球菌（11例）、粘质沙雷氏菌（9例）、肠杆菌属（7例），大肠杆菌、柠檬酸杆菌、沙门氏菌、克雷伯氏菌各5例，以及其他微生物。总体临床反应率为89%：16例骨髓炎中的28例（90%）、12例尿路感染中的10例（83%）以及3例败血症中的3例。27%的患者出现失眠，减少剂量后症状缓解。15%的分离株出现了铜绿假单胞菌对氧氟沙星的耐药性。尽管治疗时间长达283天，但未出现肝、肾或血液学毒性。氧氟沙星是治疗多重耐药革兰氏阴性菌引起的下呼吸道、泌尿、骨骼和软组织感染的有效疗法，对某些金黄色葡萄球菌感染也有效。
