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利用30个微卫星标记研究中国本土黄牛品种的遗传多样性和群体结构

Genetic diversity and population structure of indigenous yellow cattle breeds of China using 30 microsatellite markers.

作者信息

Zhang G X, Wang Z G, Chen W S, Wu C X, Han X, Chang H, Zan L S, Li R L, Wang J H, Song W T, Xu G F, Yang H J, Luo Y F

机构信息

National Center of Preservation and Utilization of Genetic Resources of Domestic Animals and Forage, National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, Beijing 100094, China.

出版信息

Anim Genet. 2007 Dec;38(6):550-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2007.01644.x. Epub 2007 Nov 1.

Abstract

Twenty-seven domesticated yellow cattle breeds of China and three introduced cattle breeds were analysed by means of 30 microsatellite markers to determine the level of genetic variation within and among populations as well as the population structure. In all, 480 microsatellite alleles were observed across the 30 breeds with the mean number of alleles per locus of 9.093 for native breeds and 6.885 for the three introduced breeds. Mean F-statistics (0.08) for Chinese native cattle breeds implied that 92% of the total genetic variation was from genetic differentiation within each breed and 8% of the genetic variation existed among breeds. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on Nei's genetic distances, and three clusters were obtained. According to the tree, the three introduced breeds were distinct from the 27 native breeds. The indigenous cattle breeds were divided into two clusters, one cluster including five humpless breeds and the other cluster containing 22 humped breeds. This study identifies multiple origins of yellow cattle of China from Bos taurus and Bos indicus. Furthermore, population structure analysis implies that there are possibly five independent original domestications for yellow cattle in China. Four of five origins were four different Bos indicus types, mainly in areas of the Chang Jiang, the Zhu Jiang River basin, the Yellow River and the Huai River basin. The other origin was for Bos taurus type of Mongolian descent, mainly located in Northwestern China, the Mongolian plateau and Northeastern China or north of the Great Wall.

摘要

利用30个微卫星标记对中国27个家养黄牛品种和3个引进品种进行分析,以确定群体内和群体间的遗传变异水平以及群体结构。在这30个品种中,共观察到480个微卫星等位基因,本地品种每个位点的平均等位基因数为9.093,3个引进品种为6.885。中国本地黄牛品种的平均F统计量(0.08)表明,总遗传变异的92%来自各品种内的遗传分化,8%的遗传变异存在于品种间。基于Nei氏遗传距离构建了系统发育树,得到3个聚类。根据该树,3个引进品种与27个本地品种不同。本地黄牛品种分为两个聚类,一个聚类包括5个无峰品种,另一个聚类包含22个有峰品种。本研究确定了中国黄牛起源于瘤牛和印度野牛。此外,群体结构分析表明,中国黄牛可能有5次独立的原始驯化。5个起源中的4个是4种不同的印度野牛类型,主要分布在长江、珠江流域、黄河和淮河流域。另一个起源是蒙古血统的瘤牛类型,主要分布在中国西北、蒙古高原、中国东北或长城以北。

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