Faedo Margaret, Hinds Lyn A, Singleton Grant R, Rawlinson William D
Virology Division, Department of Microbiology, South Eastern and Illawarra Arca Laboratory Services, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Barker St, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.
J Wildl Dis. 2007 Oct;43(4):668-74. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-43.4.668.
We determined the prevalence of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) in introduced, free-roaming, wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) [corrected] and compared envelope (env) and long terminal repeat (LTR) nucleotide sequences of viruses from wild mice and other sources. Mice were trapped on two occasions, in October (spring) and the following May (autumn) of 2003-2004 in the Mallee region of northwestern Victoria, Australia. Animals were assigned to three cohorts (subadult, young, and old adults) based on their body length. The DNA from salivary glands (62 of 62 mice) and mammary glands (19 of 32 female mice) was screened for the MMTV envelope (env) gene, and the long terminal repeat (LTR) region including the superantigen (SAg) sequence was amplified from a subset. Positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for the MMTV env PCR were detected from salivary gland tissues from 60 of 62 (97%) mice and from mammary gland tissues from 19 of 19 (100%) female mice. All but two mice were positive for MMTV env across both sexes and the three cohorts. Similarity of the SAg carboxy-terminal nucleotide sequence between free-roaming wild house mice varied from 64% to 99%, although most of this variation was due to DNA sequences from two mice (M4 and M5). Phylogenetic analysis of the LTR region did not result in distinct grouping of sequences derived from mice when comparisons were made among sequences from mice in the US, Europe, and Australia, and MMTV-like virus (MMTV-LV) env sequences derived from human hosts. We report a high prevalence of the MMTV env sequence during a sampling period when peak mouse density was low. This indicates that MMTV is an enzootic virus in a population of wild, free-ranging mice in northwestern Victoria, in Australia. Phylogenetic analysis, based upon env and LTR sequence data, indicated minor variation among all isolates. This represents the first report on the prevalence of MMTV in mouse populations in Australia.
我们测定了引进的、自由放养的野生家鼠（小家鼠）中鼠乳腺肿瘤病毒（MMTV）的流行情况，并比较了来自野生小鼠和其他来源的病毒的包膜（env）和长末端重复序列（LTR）核苷酸序列。在2003年至2004年期间，于澳大利亚维多利亚州西北部的马勒地区，分别在10月（春季）和次年5月（秋季）两次诱捕小鼠。根据体长将动物分为三个队列（亚成年、年轻和老年成年）。对唾液腺（62只小鼠中的62只）和乳腺（32只雌性小鼠中的19只）的DNA进行MMTV包膜（env）基因筛查，并从一个子集中扩增包括超抗原（SAg）序列的长末端重复序列（LTR）区域。在62只小鼠中的60只（97%）唾液腺组织以及19只雌性小鼠中的19只（100%）乳腺组织中检测到MMTV env PCR阳性结果。除两只小鼠外，所有性别和三个队列的小鼠MMTV env均为阳性。自由放养的野生家鼠之间SAg羧基末端核苷酸序列的相似性在64%至99%之间，不过大部分变异是由两只小鼠（M4和M5）的DNA序列导致的。当对来自美国、欧洲和澳大利亚的小鼠序列以及源自人类宿主的MMTV样病毒（MMTV-LV）env序列进行比较时，LTR区域的系统发育分析并未使源自小鼠的序列形成明显的分组。我们报告在小鼠密度峰值较低的采样期间，MMTV env序列的流行率很高。这表明MMTV是澳大利亚维多利亚州西北部野生自由放养小鼠群体中的一种地方流行性病毒。基于env和LTR序列数据的系统发育分析表明，所有分离株之间存在微小变异。这是关于澳大利亚小鼠群体中MMTV流行情况的首次报告。
