Schröder Nicolas W J, Arditi Moshe
Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité/ECARF, Charité Medical Center, Berlin, Germany.
J Endotoxin Res. 2007;13(5):305-12. doi: 10.1177/0968051907084652.
Infectious diseases have a major impact on both the development and the severity of asthma. The rise in incidence of asthma in industrialized countries over the last decades has been attributed to increased hygiene standards as well as the concomitant usage of antibiotics, which together lower the incidence of infections. Although this point of view is supported by both clinical studies and experimental approaches in mice, an increasing body of evidence suggests that certain infectious diseases may predispose for the development of asthma, thus challenging the ;hygiene hypothesis' in its classical form. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are centrally involved in orchestrating immune responses towards various micro-organisms. Because of this, it is tempting to speculate that signaling through TLRs may be involved in mechanisms provoking Th1- or Th2-biased immune responses and may, therefore, be an important factor in either preventing or promoting allergic airway disease. This review summarizes clinical and experimental data from mouse models focused on the impact of TLR-signaling on allergic asthma.
传染病对哮喘的发展和严重程度都有重大影响。在过去几十年中，工业化国家哮喘发病率的上升归因于卫生标准的提高以及抗生素的同时使用，这两者共同降低了感染的发生率。尽管这一观点得到了临床研究和小鼠实验方法的支持，但越来越多的证据表明，某些传染病可能易引发哮喘，从而对经典形式的“卫生假说”提出了挑战。Toll样受体（TLRs）在协调针对各种微生物的免疫反应中起核心作用。因此，很容易推测通过TLRs发出的信号可能参与引发Th1或Th2偏向性免疫反应的机制，因此可能是预防或促进过敏性气道疾病的重要因素。本综述总结了来自小鼠模型的临床和实验数据，重点关注TLR信号对过敏性哮喘的影响。
