Karagiannidis N, Nikolaou N, Ipsilantis I, Zioziou E
Soil Science Lab, Technological and Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, 54101, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Mycorrhiza. 2007 Dec;18(1):43-50. doi: 10.1007/s00572-007-0153-2. Epub 2007 Nov 7.
Grapevine N fertilization may affect and be affected by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal colonization and change berry composition. We studied the effects of different N fertilizers on AM fungal grapevine root colonization and sporulation, and on grapevine growth, nutrition, and berry composition, by conducting a 3.5-year pot study supplying grapevine plants with either urea, calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, or ammonium nitrate. We measured the percentage of AM fungal root colonization, AM fungal sporulation, grapevine shoot dry weight and number of leaves, nutrient composition (macro- and micronutrients), and grapevine berry soluble solids (total sugars or degrees Brix) and total acidity. Urea suppressed AM fungal root colonization and sporulation. Mycorrhizal grapevine plants had higher shoot dry weight and number of leaves than non-mycorrhizal and with a higher growth response with calcium nitrate as the N source. For the macronutrients P and K, and for the micronutrient B, leaf concentration was higher in mycorrhizal plants. Non-mycorrhizal plants had higher concentration of microelements Zn, Mn, Fe, and Cu than mycorrhizal. There were no differences in soluble solids ( degrees Brix) in grapevine berries among mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. However, non-mycorrhizal grapevine berries had higher acid content with ammonium nitrate, although they did not have better N nutrition and vegetative growth.
葡萄树施氮可能会影响丛枝菌根（AM）真菌的定殖，同时也会受到其影响，并改变浆果成分。我们通过一项为期3.5年的盆栽试验，向葡萄植株供应尿素、硝酸钙、硫酸铵或硝酸铵，研究了不同氮肥对AM真菌在葡萄树根中的定殖和产孢，以及对葡萄树生长、营养和浆果成分的影响。我们测量了AM真菌根定殖的百分比、AM真菌的产孢量、葡萄新梢干重和叶片数量、营养成分（大量和微量营养素），以及葡萄浆果的可溶性固形物（总糖或波美度）和总酸度。尿素抑制了AM真菌的根定殖和产孢。与非菌根葡萄树相比，菌根葡萄树的新梢干重和叶片数量更高，且以硝酸钙作为氮源时生长反应更强。对于大量营养素磷和钾以及微量元素硼，菌根植物叶片中的浓度更高。非菌根植物中微量元素锌、锰、铁和铜的浓度高于菌根植物。菌根和非菌根葡萄树的浆果中可溶性固形物（波美度）没有差异。然而，非菌根葡萄树的浆果在施用硝酸铵时酸含量更高，尽管它们的氮营养和营养生长并不更好。
