Beijer U, Andréasson A, Agren G, Fugelstad A
City of Stockholm Executive Office, Department of Welfare and Education, Unit for Research and Development, Stockholm City, Sweden.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2007;61(5):363-8. doi: 10.1080/08039480701644637.
A 5-year follow-up study was performed on 82 homeless men, with mental problems, who had been contacted by an outreach team run by the Social welfare administration of Stockholm 1995/1996. Data have been collected from the Cause of Death Register, death certificates, forensic autopsy reports, hospital medical reports, Hospital Discharge Register, interviews with social workers and with those men who were able to participate. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 4.7 times higher than expected. The highest mortality was found in the group where drug addiction was dominant; 46% had died. In the group of men with severe psychiatric disorders, with diagnosis such as schizophrenia, none had died. Compared with the others, they had spent less time in homelessness. Among the survivors, 75% were still homeless at the follow-up in spite of considerable treatment interventions from the social services and health authorities. Residential institutions or treatment seemed to have some protective effect concerning misuse, diseases and injuries. Among the still homeless, the mental health problems combined with substance use problems had increased with 17%. The life and housing situation for the whole group seemed not to have improved, even if fewer of them were staying in hostels for homeless people.
对82名有精神问题的无家可归男性进行了一项为期5年的随访研究，这些男性在1995/1996年曾与斯德哥尔摩社会福利管理局运营的外展团队取得联系。数据收集自死亡原因登记册、死亡证明、法医尸检报告、医院医疗报告、医院出院登记册，以及与社会工作者和能够参与的男性的访谈。标准化死亡率（SMR）比预期高4.7倍。死亡率最高的是药物成瘾占主导的群体；46%的人已经死亡。在患有严重精神疾病（如精神分裂症等诊断）的男性群体中，无人死亡。与其他人相比，他们无家可归的时间较短。在幸存者中，尽管社会服务机构和卫生当局进行了大量治疗干预，但在随访时仍有75%的人无家可归。住宿机构或治疗似乎对滥用药物、疾病和伤害有一定的保护作用。在仍然无家可归的人中，心理健康问题与物质使用问题增加了17%。即使住在无家可归者收容所的人减少了，但整个群体的生活和住房状况似乎并未改善。
