Pratt Benjamin, Roteliuk Luchy, Hatib Feras, Frazier John, Wallen Roy D
Edwards Lifesciences LLP, Irvine, CA 92614, USA.
Biomed Instrum Technol. 2007 Sep-Oct;41(5):403-11. doi: 10.2345/0899-8205(2007)41[403:CAPCOU]2.0.CO;2.
Work on applying physical and physiological principles for determining cardiac output by analysis of pressure measurements has been pursued for decades. Reference measurements for this kind of cardiac output analysis rely on the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC), considered the clinical gold standard for cardiac output monitoring. Recent advances in signal processing, as well as applied information on the relationships that enable arterial pulse pressure to be used to determine stroke volume, have led to the development of a novel system that can continuously measure cardiac output from an arterial pressure waveform that does not require an external calibration reference method. There are significant challenges in applying statistical- and signal-processing practices to the analysis of complex physiological waveforms. This paper reviews the historical basis for measuring flow from the analysis of pressure in a vessel, establishes the physiological and mathematical basis for this new system and describes its performance under various physiological conditions.
通过压力测量分析来应用物理和生理原理测定心输出量的研究已经进行了数十年。这种心输出量分析的参考测量依赖于肺动脉导管（PAC），它被认为是心输出量监测的临床金标准。信号处理方面的最新进展，以及关于使动脉脉压能够用于测定每搏输出量的关系的应用信息，促使了一种新型系统的开发，该系统可以从动脉压力波形连续测量心输出量，且不需要外部校准参考方法。将统计和信号处理方法应用于复杂生理波形分析存在重大挑战。本文回顾了从血管压力分析测量流量的历史基础，建立了这个新系统的生理和数学基础，并描述了其在各种生理条件下的性能。
