Kaufer-Horwitz Martha, Vélez-Moreno Diana, Pérez-Raygoza Maribel, García-Espíndola Elizabeth, Goti-Rodríguez Luz Ma, Avila-Rosas Héctor
Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Dr. Ignacio Chávez, Hospital General Darío Fernández Fierro, ISSSTE, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2007 Jun;57(2):130-6.
Skeletal structure and body composition may be altered permanently in response to aggressions during critical periods of growth. This increases propensity to adverse effects in adulthood. The study explored the association of anthropometric variables of body size and proportions and of body composition with systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (BP) in young adults. We studied 166 men and 246 women age 20-34. SBP, DBP, weight, stature, sitting height, circumferences (waist, hip), breadths (biacromial, biiliac) and skinfolds (bicipital, tricipital, subscapular, suprailiac) were assessed. BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-stature ratio, and Sigma skinfolds-stature were calculated. Pearson correlations were determined for anthropometric variables with SBP and DBP and linear regression models for SBP and DBP were developed by sex. Correlation coefficients between indicators and BP were significant, except for stature and SBP and DPB, and WHR with DBP in women; and stature with DBP, biiliac breadth and WHR with SBP, and sitting height with SBP and DPB in men. SBP and DPB were explained by weight, BMI, and biiliac breadth in multivariable analysis in women, where 15.4% and 10.8% of variance of SBP and DPB was explained. In men, SBP was explained by weight, Sigma skinfolds and WHR, and DBP by Sigma skinfolds; models explained almost 20% of SBP and DPB variance. No association was found between BP and past malnutrition indicators. Biiliac breadth, weight and BMI in women, and weight, WHR and Sigma skinfolds in men explained BP. The use of biiliac breadth in the assessment of hypertension risk in women should be explored further.
在生长的关键时期，骨骼结构和身体组成可能会因受到侵害而发生永久性改变。这会增加成年后患不良反应的倾向。该研究探讨了年轻成年人身体大小和比例的人体测量变量以及身体组成与收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）血压（BP）之间的关联。我们研究了166名年龄在20至34岁之间的男性和246名女性。评估了收缩压、舒张压、体重、身高、坐高、周长（腰围、臀围）、宽度（肩峰间宽、髂嵴间宽）和皮褶厚度（肱二头肌、肱三头肌、肩胛下、髂上）。计算了体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）、腰高比和皮褶厚度总和与身高的比值。确定了人体测量变量与收缩压和舒张压之间的Pearson相关性，并按性别建立了收缩压和舒张压的线性回归模型。除了身高与收缩压和舒张压、女性腰臀比与舒张压之间，以及男性身高与舒张压、髂嵴间宽和腰臀比与收缩压、坐高与收缩压和舒张压之间外，各指标与血压之间的相关系数均具有显著性。在多变量分析中，女性的收缩压和舒张压可由体重、BMI和髂嵴间宽来解释，其中收缩压和舒张压的方差分别有15.4%和10.8%得到了解释。在男性中，收缩压可由体重皮褶厚度总和和腰臀比来解释，舒张压可由皮褶厚度总和来解释；模型解释了收缩压和舒张压方差的近20%。未发现血压与既往营养不良指标之间存在关联。女性的髂嵴间宽、体重和BMI，以及男性的体重、腰臀比和皮褶厚度总和可解释血压。应进一步探讨将髂嵴间宽用于评估女性高血压风险的情况。
