Posadas Isabel Reyes, Beutelspacher Austreberta Nazar, Lugo Erin Estrada, Rosas Verónica Mundo
Colegio de la Frontera Sur. San Cristóbal de las Casas Chiapas, México.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2007 Jun;57(2):155-62.
The population that has migrated from rural zones to urban areas is subject to changes in their dietary patterns and is considered a vulnerable population group in terms of food security. This article describes the diet of the immigrant indigenous population in the city of San Cristóbal de Las Casas, analyzing the factors that contribute to adequate calorie consumption in 143 families. This is a cross-sectional study based on a structured interview in which information was obtained related to socio-economic variables, the variety and types of foods in the home, and adequate calorie consumption per capita based on requirements according to age and sex. Using nonparametric statistical tests, the relationship between the population's income level and the number of calories available was determined. Results show a significant association between the income level of the population and the number of calories available in homes; however, there is not a significant association between the amount of time a family has lived in the city and the type and variety of foods available to and consumed by these families. Results show that 91.3% of these families ingest the suggested calorie consumption; the population with the lowest income levels represents a lower percentage of this indicator, and also showed significant deficiencies in proteins and nutrients such as calcium and vitamin A. The implications of rural-urban migration by indigenous populations in relation to diet quality are discussed.
从农村地区迁移到城市的人口，其饮食习惯会发生变化，就粮食安全而言，这部分人口被视为弱势群体。本文描述了圣克里斯托瓦尔 - 拉斯卡萨斯市移民原住民的饮食情况，分析了143个家庭中有助于实现充足热量摄入的因素。这是一项基于结构化访谈的横断面研究，通过访谈获取了与社会经济变量、家庭食物种类和类型以及根据年龄和性别需求计算的人均充足热量摄入相关的信息。使用非参数统计检验确定了人口收入水平与可获得热量数量之间的关系。结果表明，人口收入水平与家庭可获得热量数量之间存在显著关联；然而，家庭在城市居住的时间长短与这些家庭可获得和消费的食物类型及种类之间没有显著关联。结果显示，这些家庭中有91.3%摄入了建议的热量；收入水平最低的人群在这一指标中所占比例较低，并且在蛋白质以及钙和维生素A等营养素方面也存在显著不足。本文还讨论了原住民城乡迁移对饮食质量的影响。
