Zaborowski Robert
IHN PAN - IF UWM, Warszawa, Olsztyn.
Kwart Hist Nauki Tech. 2007;52(1):47-75.
Feelings' role in ancient Greek conceptions up till now has not become clear. As far as the researchers of antiquity are interested in Aristotle's and Hellenistic philosophers, Plato's and his predecessors has not been analysed from this point of view yet. It is often connected with a fact that Preplatonic philosophy is so-called philosophy of physis, and/or its nature is exclusively rationalistic. Thanks to the analysis of three passages (Heraclitus fr. B 85, Parmenides fr. B 3 and Democritus fr. B 31), and multilevel interpretation of Plato's conception one can indicate--if focus one's attention on the elements concerning the affectivity--the similarities to contemporary philosophers' outlooks. Among others, they concern 1) Heraclitus (and Parmenides fr. B 1, 1) versus Hume, Pascal, Ribot, Brentano, Bergson, 2) Parmenides versus Descartes, 3) Democritus versus Ribot, 4) Plato versus Scheler and Hartmann. Such analyses and interpretations let conquer conventional thinking of the Greek emotionality issue, because on the one hand they reveal a kind of deformations and misconstructions in searches, and on the other show a current importance of ancient conceptions. In support of the statement it is worth reminding of the formulation emotional intelligence that recently has enjoyed great popularity. His origins can be found already in Greek philosophers' thought.
情感在古希腊观念中的作用至今仍不明确。就古代研究者对亚里士多德和希腊化哲学家感兴趣而言,柏拉图及其前辈从这一角度尚未得到分析。这通常与前柏拉图哲学是所谓的自然哲学这一事实相关,而且/或者其本质完全是理性主义的。通过对三段文字(赫拉克利特残篇B 85、巴门尼德残篇B 3和德谟克利特残篇B 31)的分析,以及对柏拉图观念的多层次解读,如果将注意力集中在情感方面的要素上,就可以指出——与当代哲学家观点的相似之处。其中包括:1)赫拉克利特(以及巴门尼德残篇B 1, 1)与休谟、帕斯卡、里博、布伦塔诺、柏格森的比较;2)巴门尼德与笛卡尔的比较;3)德谟克利特与里博的比较;4)柏拉图与舍勒和哈特曼的比较。这样的分析和解读有助于打破关于希腊情感问题的传统思维,因为一方面它们揭示了研究中的某种变形和误解,另一方面也显示了古代观念的当下重要性。为支持这一说法,值得提及最近广受欢迎的“情商”这一表述。其源头在希腊哲学家的思想中就已能找到。