Baron Ellen Jo, Miller J Michael
Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305-5324, USA.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008 Mar;60(3):241-6. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2007.09.016. Epub 2007 Nov 8.
Accidental infections acquired in the laboratory environment are not reportable in a formal forum outside the institution, and therefore, there is little opportunity to evaluate such occurrences and learn from them. We evaluated voluntary responses from 88 facilities, 53 large hospitals (>200 beds) or academic institutions, 32 smaller facilities (<200 beds), and 3 national reference diagnostic laboratories. Thirty-eight of the laboratories (43%), 15 large and 23 small facilities, reported no known exposures during 2002 to 2004. Twenty-one laboratories, 17 large and 4 small institutions, reported at least 1 exposure. Even in this small study, laboratory-acquired infections were reported by 29 laboratories (33%), 24 in large facilities and 5 in small sites. Of the organisms causing laboratory-acquired infections in this survey, Shigella was the most common, followed by Brucella, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus. Although Neisseria meningitidis is perceived to be commonly acquired, only 4 cases were reported by the 88 respondents. Recommendations for reducing exposure risks are provided.
在实验室环境中发生的意外感染，在机构之外的正式场合无需报告，因此，几乎没有机会评估此类事件并从中吸取教训。我们评估了来自88个机构的自愿反馈，其中包括53家大型医院（床位>200张）或学术机构、32家小型机构（床位<200张）以及3家国家参考诊断实验室。38个实验室（43%），包括15家大型和23家小型机构，报告在2002年至2004年期间无已知暴露情况。21个实验室，包括17家大型和4家小型机构，报告至少有1次暴露。即便在这项小型研究中，仍有29个实验室（33%）报告了实验室获得性感染，其中大型机构有24例，小型机构有5例。在本次调查中导致实验室获得性感染的微生物中，志贺菌最为常见，其次是布鲁氏菌、沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。尽管人们认为脑膜炎奈瑟菌通常容易感染，但88名受访者仅报告了4例。文中还提供了降低暴露风险的建议。
