Rühl Ralph, Koch Christin, Marosvölgyi Tamás, Mihály Johanna, Schweigert Florian J, Worm Margitta, Decsi Tamás
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical and Health Science Centre, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt. 98, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary.
Br J Nutr. 2008 Jun;99(6):1239-46. doi: 10.1017/S0007114507862374. Epub 2007 Nov 16.
Dietary fatty acids have been shown to influence allergic sensitisation. Both n-3 and n-6 PUFA are involved in targeted mediation of inflammatory responses during allergic sensitisation and manifestation of atopic diseases. In the present experiments we investigated whether supplementation of DHA-enriched fish oil partly substituting dietary sunflower-seed oil, in comparison with sunflower-seed oil, supplemented to mice influences fatty acid composition of serum lipid classes. The effects of the two different diets were also investigated depending on allergic sensitisation. Supplementation of DHA and EPA in doses of 2 and 0.12 % (w/w) to non-sensitised and sensitised mice resulted in significantly increased percentile contributions of DHA to all lipid classes. In contrast, serum values of the n-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (AA) were significantly lower, both in non-sensitised and sensitised mice fed the DHA-enriched diet. The fatty acid composition of serum lipids also reflected allergic sensitisation: the EPA:AA ratio in TAG, cholesteryl esters and phospholipids in non-supplemented animals fell to 23, 29 and 29 % respectively of the original value after allergic sensitisation, whereas it decreased to 70, 80 and 76 % respectively only in the animals supplemented with DHA. In summary, allergic sensitisation alone decreased significantly the EPA:AA ratios in serum TAG, while concomitant supplementation of DHA-enriched fish oil ameliorated this decrease. We postulate from the present results that the amelioration of the severity of allergic sensitisation after DHA supplementation may be linked to altered ratios of the eicosanoid precursors EPA and AA as well as DHA needed for further metabolic activation to pro- or anti-inflammatory bioactive lipids.
膳食脂肪酸已被证明会影响过敏致敏作用。n-3和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）均参与过敏致敏过程中炎症反应的靶向调节以及特应性疾病的表现。在本实验中，我们研究了用富含二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的鱼油部分替代膳食中的向日葵籽油，与仅补充向日葵籽油相比，对小鼠血清脂质类别的脂肪酸组成有何影响。还根据过敏致敏情况研究了两种不同饮食的效果。给未致敏和已致敏小鼠补充剂量分别为2%和0.12%（w/w）的DHA和二十碳五烯酸（EPA），导致DHA在所有脂质类别中的百分比贡献显著增加。相比之下，在喂食富含DHA饮食的未致敏和已致敏小鼠中，n-6多不饱和脂肪酸花生四烯酸（AA）的血清值均显著降低。血清脂质的脂肪酸组成也反映了过敏致敏情况：未补充脂肪酸的动物在过敏致敏后，甘油三酯（TAG）、胆固醇酯和磷脂中的EPA:AA比值分别降至原始值的23%、29%和29%，而在补充DHA的动物中，该比值仅分别降至70%、80%和76%。总之，仅过敏致敏就显著降低了血清TAG中的EPA:AA比值，而同时补充富含DHA的鱼油则改善了这种降低。根据目前的结果，我们推测补充DHA后过敏致敏严重程度的改善可能与类二十烷酸前体EPA和AA的比例改变以及进一步代谢激活为促炎或抗炎生物活性脂质所需的DHA有关。
