Vidgren H M, Agren J J, Schwab U, Rissanen T, Hänninen O, Uusitupa M I
Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Kuopio, Finland.
Lipids. 1997 Jul;32(7):697-705. doi: 10.1007/s11745-997-0089-x.
The effects of n-3 fatty acid supplementation in the form of fresh fish, fish oil, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) oil on the fatty acid composition of plasma lipid fractions, and platelets and erythrocyte membranes of young healthy male students were examined. Altogether 59 subjects (aged 19-32 yr, body mass index 16.8-31.3 kg/m2) were randomized into the following diet groups: (i) control group; (ii) fish diet group eating fish meals five times per week [0.38 +/- 0.04 g elcosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 0.67 +/- 0.09 g DHA per day]; (iii) DHA oil group taking algae-derived DHA oil capsules (1.68 g/d DHA in triglyceride form); and (iv) fish oil group (1.33 g EPA and 0.95 g DHA/d as free fatty acids) for 14 wk. The fatty acid composition of plasma lipids, platelets, and erythrocyte membranes was analyzed by gas chromatography. The subjects kept 4-d food records four times during the study to estimate the intake of nutrients. In the fish diet, in DHA oil, and in fish oil groups, the amounts of n-3 fatty acids increased and those of n-6 fatty acids decreased significantly in plasma lipid fractions and in platelets and erythrocyte membranes. A positive relationship was shown between the total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and EPA and DHA intake and the increase in total n-3 PUFA and EPA and DHA in all lipid fractions analyzed. DHA was preferentially incorporated into phospholipid (PL) and triglyceride (TG) and there was very little uptake in cholesterol ester (CE), while EPA was preferentially incorporated into PL. and CE. The proportion of EPA in plasma lipids and platelets and erythrocyte membranes increased also by DHA supplementation, and the proportion of linoleic acid increased in platelets and erythrocyte membranes in the DHA oil group as well. These results suggest retroconversion of DHA to EPA and that DHA also interferes with linoleic acid metabolism.
研究了以鲜鱼、鱼油和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）油形式补充n-3脂肪酸对年轻健康男学生血浆脂质组分、血小板及红细胞膜脂肪酸组成的影响。总共59名受试者（年龄19 - 32岁，体重指数16.8 - 31.3kg/m²）被随机分为以下饮食组：（i）对照组；（ii）鱼类饮食组，每周进食五次鱼餐[每天0.38±0.04g二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和0.67±0.09g DHA]；（iii）DHA油组，服用藻类来源的DHA油胶囊（1.68g/d甘油三酯形式的DHA）；（iv）鱼油组（1.33g EPA和0.95g DHA/d，以游离脂肪酸形式），为期14周。通过气相色谱法分析血浆脂质、血小板和红细胞膜的脂肪酸组成。受试者在研究期间四次记录4天的食物摄入量，以估算营养物质的摄入量。在鱼类饮食组、DHA油组和鱼油组中，血浆脂质组分、血小板和红细胞膜中的n-3脂肪酸含量增加，n-6脂肪酸含量显著降低。在所有分析的脂质组分中，总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）以及EPA和DHA的摄入量与总n-3 PUFA、EPA和DHA的增加之间呈正相关。DHA优先掺入磷脂（PL）和甘油三酯（TG）中，而在胆固醇酯（CE）中的摄取很少，而EPA优先掺入PL和CE中。补充DHA后，血浆脂质、血小板和红细胞膜中EPA的比例也增加，DHA油组中血小板和红细胞膜中亚油酸的比例也增加。这些结果表明DHA可逆向转化为EPA，并且DHA也会干扰亚油酸代谢。
