[The importance of the echocardiographic diagnosis of a mycotic aneurysm of the mitral septal leaflet in infectious endocarditis of the aortic valve: the surgical implications].

Mycotic aneurysm of the septal leaflet of the mitral valve is an infrequent complication associated with aortic infective endocarditis. The most probable mechanisms implicated on its formation are two: the lesion induced by regurgitant jet striking on septal mitral leaflet and the direct spreading of infection through the fibrosa inter-valvular. We describe the preoperative diagnosis of mycotic aneurysms of the septal mitral leaflet by two-dimensional echocardiography and color flow mapping in 2 patients. Surgical management will depend on the anatomic characteristics of the aneurysm and its hemodynamic repercussion. Careful echocardiographic search for mycotic mitral aneurysms should be performed in cases of aortic valve endocarditis, in view of its important prognostic implications.