Morales Suárez-Varela M M, Llopis González A, Lacasaña Navarro M, Ferrándiz Ferragud J
Area de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia.
Rev Sanid Hig Publica (Madr). 1991 May-Jun;65(3):233-8.
Epidemiological studies have revealed that both non-dysplastic benign naevi and dysplastic naevi, as well as large or small congenital naevi are potentially forerunners of malignant skin melanoma (M.S.M.). A studied is presented based on the review of the clinical histories of all the cases of malignant skin melanoma diagnosed (247 cases) by the Dermatology Department of the University Hospital in Valencia from 1977 to 1987. The variables taken into consideration (naevi existing prior to the M.S.M., family history of neoplasias and types of growths, were processed using the SPSS-PC+ statistical package. Forty-two percent of the patients stated the existence of a lesion of the naevi prior to the onset of the malignant skin melanoma (M.S.M.), results differing from those obtained in other series being found which could probably be due to geographical an ethnic characteristics of the different places where said studies were made. With regard to the types of growths, it has been found, with a significance of p less than 0.05, that the malignant nodular melanoma (M.N.M.), the superficial spreading melanoma (S.S.M.) and the unclassifiable melanoma (U.M.) take root more frequently on a naevus than the rest of the growths. Seventy-three percent of the patients had no family history of neoplasias, this suggesting that the onset of this neoplasm was conditioned more by environmental factors (exogenous factors) than by a genetic influence (endogenous factors).
流行病学研究表明，非发育异常性良性痣、发育异常性痣以及大小不等的先天性痣都可能是恶性皮肤黑色素瘤（M.S.M.）的前身。本文基于对巴伦西亚大学医院皮肤科1977年至1987年诊断的所有恶性皮肤黑色素瘤病例（247例）临床病史的回顾进行了一项研究。所考虑的变量（恶性皮肤黑色素瘤之前存在的痣、肿瘤家族史和生长类型）使用SPSS-PC+统计软件包进行处理。42%的患者表示在恶性皮肤黑色素瘤发病之前存在痣病变，这一结果与其他系列研究所得结果不同，这可能是由于开展上述研究的不同地点的地理和种族特征所致。关于生长类型，已发现，恶性结节性黑色素瘤（M.N.M.）、浅表扩散性黑色素瘤（S.S.M.）和无法分类的黑色素瘤（U.M.）在痣上扎根的频率比其他生长类型更高，其显著性p小于0.05。73%的患者没有肿瘤家族史，这表明该肿瘤的发病更多地受环境因素（外源性因素）而非遗传影响（内源性因素）的制约。
