Ciampolini M, Vicarelli D, Bini S
Dipartimento di Pediatria, Universita di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
Nutrition. 1991 Jan-Feb;7(1):51-4.
"Spontaneous," i.e., self-promoted, feeding without the promotion of offering of energy-dense food (eating incentives), was maintained for 7 months in a randomized, controlled, prospective, semiblind investigation in 88 2-year-old diarrheic children. This behavior was associated with 30% lower energy intake throughout the investigation period while normal growth and blood assessments were maintained and intestinal functions improved. The dependence of a child's energy intake on maternal administrative behavior at each meal was proposed. The energy content of each meal was thus investigated in relation to a preprandial request for food, glycemia, and acceptance of nonstarchy vegetables (NSV). A sample of 210 meals eaten by 10 children with chronic nonspecific diarrhea in the second year of life before mothers were instructed in spontaneous feeding was compared with 210 meals after 1.5 months of spontaneous feeding. Compliance, food weight, preprandial glycemia, and outdoor activities were reported by the mothers in 7-day diaries. Requests for food by the child before the meal was seen and acceptance of more than two-thirds of the prescribed amount of NSV were associated with significantly lower preprandial glycemia and lower energy intake in the investigation of all meals before and after instructions were given. Feeding children on demand and habitual NSV administration may safely educate children to avoid overeating after weaning.
在一项针对88名2岁腹泻儿童的随机、对照、前瞻性、半盲研究中，“自发”喂养（即自我促进喂养，不通过提供高能量食物（进食诱因）来促进）持续了7个月。在整个研究期间，这种行为与能量摄入降低30%相关，同时儿童保持正常生长，血液评估正常，肠道功能改善。研究提出了儿童能量摄入对母亲每餐管理行为的依赖性。因此，针对每餐的能量含量与餐前食物需求、血糖水平以及非淀粉类蔬菜（NSV）的接受情况进行了研究。将10名患有慢性非特异性腹泻的儿童在出生第二年母亲接受自发喂养指导前食用的210份餐食样本，与自发喂养1.5个月后的210份餐食进行了比较。母亲们通过7天的日记记录了依从性、食物重量、餐前血糖水平和户外活动情况。在给予指导前后的所有餐食研究中，发现儿童餐前的食物需求以及接受超过规定量三分之二的NSV与显著更低的餐前血糖水平和更低的能量摄入相关。按需喂养儿童以及习惯性给予NSV可能有助于安全地引导儿童断奶后避免暴饮暴食。
