Kaplan P M
Mobile Referral Cardiology and Internal Medicine Consultation Service, Westford, Massachusetts.
Probl Vet Med. 1991 Dec;3(4):500-19.
The clinical usefulness of M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography has been proven over the years. M-mode echocardiography allows an 'ice-pick' sampling of the heart, but in conjunction with two-dimensional echocardiography, assessments of cardiac structure and, to some extent, myocardial function can be appreciated. The limitations of these techniques include difficulty in 1) diagnosing subtle congenital heart disease and 2) estimating the severity of valvular lesions (stenosis and regurgitation). Doppler echocardiography overcomes these limitations by detecting abnormal direction, velocity, and turbulence of the blood flow (Chapter 2). This chapter will focus mainly on the two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiographic features of common congenital heart disease.
多年来，M型和二维超声心动图的临床实用性已得到证实。M型超声心动图能够对心脏进行“冰锥”式取样，但与二维超声心动图相结合时，可对心脏结构以及在一定程度上对心肌功能进行评估。这些技术的局限性包括：1）难以诊断细微的先天性心脏病；2）难以评估瓣膜病变（狭窄和反流）的严重程度。多普勒超声心动图通过检测血流的异常方向、速度和湍流克服了这些局限性（第2章）。本章将主要聚焦于常见先天性心脏病的二维和M型超声心动图特征。
