Burlage Fred Ronald, Roesink Judith M, Faber Hette, Vissink Arjan, Langendijk Johannes A, Kampinga Harm H, Coppes Rob P
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Radiother Oncol. 2008 Mar;86(3):347-53. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2007.10.011. Epub 2007 Nov 19.
To determine dose and time dependency of pilocarpine pre-treatment protection from late damage after unilateral irradiation of the rat parotid gland.
The right parotid gland of saline (1mg/ml) or pilocarpine (4 mg/kg) pre-treated rats was irradiated with 10, 15 and 20 Gy. Saliva was collected from the irradiated and shielded parotid before, 30, 60, 120 and 240 days after irradiation. The number of acinar cells/gland was determined 30, 120 and 240 days after irradiation by histological examination.
Pilocarpine pre-treated rats, protection of parotid gland function was seen in the early-intermediate phase (0-120 days) after 15 Gy and in the late phase (>120 days) after 10 and 15 Gy. Although no protection was observed after 20 Gy, a stimulatory effect of pilocarpine on the non-irradiated gland resulted in a significant increase in total saliva secretion. The increase in function after pilocarpine treatment was paralleled by a significant increase in the number of acinar cells in both the irradiated and shielded glands.
Pre-irradiation treatment with pilocarpine induces compensatory response, at lower doses, in the irradiated and at higher doses in the non-irradiated gland reducing late damage, due to stimulation of unirradiated or surviving cells to divide.
确定毛果芸香碱预处理对大鼠腮腺单侧照射后晚期损伤的保护作用的剂量和时间依赖性。
用生理盐水（1mg/ml）或毛果芸香碱（4mg/kg）预处理大鼠，对其右侧腮腺进行10、15和20Gy的照射。在照射前、照射后30、60、120和240天收集照射侧和未照射侧腮腺的唾液。通过组织学检查在照射后30、120和240天确定每克腺泡细胞的数量。
毛果芸香碱预处理的大鼠，在15Gy照射后的早期至中期（0 - 120天）以及10和15Gy照射后的晚期（>120天）观察到腮腺功能得到保护。虽然20Gy照射后未观察到保护作用，但毛果芸香碱对未照射腺体的刺激作用导致总唾液分泌显著增加。毛果芸香碱治疗后功能的增加与照射侧和未照射侧腺体中腺泡细胞数量的显著增加平行。
照射前用毛果芸香碱治疗可诱导补偿反应，在较低剂量下对照射侧腺体，在较高剂量下对未照射腺体，减少晚期损伤，这是由于刺激未照射或存活的细胞分裂所致。
