Rubio Bérengère, Rigal Natalie, Boireau-Ducept Nathalie, Mallet Pascal, Meyer Thierry
Department of psychology, University of Paris-X at Nanterre, 200 Avenue de la République, 92000 Nanterre, France.
Appetite. 2008 Mar-May;50(2-3):408-14. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2007.09.012. Epub 2007 Oct 4.
The study was designed to develop and validate a self-report questionnaire on food neophobia in French children. We evaluated food neophobia in a specific cultural context, examining an age group that has hardly been studied (5- to 8-year-olds). The questionnaire items were based on methods known for changing neophobic behavior (imitation, information, flavor principle and external stimulation) in order to diversify food presentation situations. In addition, we used colored pictures of food for seven items. Thirteen items that referred to acceptance of unfamiliar food were selected out of 25 items tested in an earlier stage. Six hundred and three children filled out the food neophobia questionnaire and a food task used to check its predictive validity was given to 503 of them. A factor analysis emphasized the one-dimensional structure of the questionnaire. Results showed satisfactory internal consistency and good test-retest reliability. The children's choices and their willingness to try new types of food were significantly correlated with the questionnaire scores. Food neophobia conceived as a personality trait was discussed.
本研究旨在开发并验证一份针对法国儿童食物恐新症的自陈式问卷。我们在特定文化背景下评估食物恐新症，研究一个此前几乎未被研究过的年龄组（5至8岁儿童）。问卷项目基于已知的改变恐新行为的方法（模仿、信息、风味原则和外部刺激），以便使食物呈现情境多样化。此外，有七个项目使用了食物的彩色图片。在早期测试的25个项目中，选出了13个涉及对不熟悉食物接受度的项目。603名儿童填写了食物恐新症问卷，其中503名儿童还完成了一项用于检验其预测效度的食物任务。因素分析强调了问卷的单维结构。结果显示出令人满意的内部一致性和良好的重测信度。儿童对新食物的选择和尝试意愿与问卷得分显著相关。我们还讨论了将食物恐新症视为一种人格特质的观点。
