Loriette C, Lapous D, Raulin J
J Physiol (Paris). 1976 Mar;72(1):59-77.
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) lipogenesis (fatty acid, glycerol and CO2 synthesis) and its morphology determined by optical microscopy, were studied in guinea pigs and rats during intra-uterine life and during the suckling period. Following the receptor induction and after the commencement of the hormone sensitive adenylate-cyclase/lipase system (i.e. on the 60th day in guinea pigs, on the 20th day in rats), the fetal BAT releases fatty acids (NEFA) and is capable of allowing the non-shivering thermogenesis. When the maternal diet and, consequently, the fetal or neonatal BAT are supplied with considerable linoleic acid, NEFA contain a large proportion of essential fatty acids. In vitro, the greater the linoleic acid concentration in these NEFA, the less inhibited is the lipogenesis from (2-14C) pyruvate. Thus, in periods just preceding or succeeding birth, fatty acid and glycerol synthesis are higher when the feto-maternal and/or the milk supply are enriched in linoleic acid than when they contain a large proportion of endogenous fatty acids. Morphological studies indicate that the adipose cell evolution could be nonidentical in BAT more or less enriched in essential fatty acids. Linoleic enriched BAT (of animals born to females kept on a sunflower oil diet) seemed to be in a healthy physiological state at birth, perhaps due to rapid lipid renewal and synthesis in their membranes. The control BAT (of animals born to females kept on a lard diet) appeared loaded with fats and in a worse conservation state at the same age.
在豚鼠和大鼠的子宫内生活及哺乳期，研究了棕色脂肪组织（BAT）的脂肪生成（脂肪酸、甘油和二氧化碳合成）及其通过光学显微镜确定的形态。在受体诱导后以及激素敏感腺苷酸环化酶/脂肪酶系统启动后（即豚鼠在第60天，大鼠在第20天），胎儿BAT释放脂肪酸（非酯化脂肪酸，NEFA）并能够进行非颤抖性产热。当母体饮食，进而胎儿或新生儿的BAT摄入大量亚油酸时，NEFA中含有很大比例的必需脂肪酸。在体外，这些NEFA中亚油酸浓度越高，（2-14C）丙酮酸的脂肪生成受抑制程度越小。因此，在出生前或出生后的时期，当母胎和/或乳汁供应富含亚油酸时，脂肪酸和甘油的合成比含有大量内源性脂肪酸时更高。形态学研究表明，在富含或缺乏必需脂肪酸的BAT中，脂肪细胞的发育可能不同。富含亚油酸的BAT（母鼠喂食向日葵油饮食所生动物的BAT）在出生时似乎处于健康的生理状态，这可能是由于其膜中脂质更新和合成迅速。对照BAT（母鼠喂食猪油饮食所生动物的BAT）在相同年龄时似乎充满脂肪且保存状态较差。
