Dermont G, Bergeron M, Mercier G, Richer-Laflèche M
Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique Eau Terre et Environnement (INRS-ETE), 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada G1K 9A9.
J Hazard Mater. 2008 Mar 21;152(1):1-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.10.043. Epub 2007 Oct 22.
Soil washing is one of the few permanent treatment alternatives to remove metal contaminants from soils. This paper reviews the various technology types and pilot/full-scale field applications of soil washing applicable to soils highly contaminated with heavy metals. The physical separation technologies, the chemical extraction processes and the integrated processes that combine both physical and chemical methods are discussed separately. This paper reviews basic principles, applicability, advantages and limitations, methods of predicting and improving performance of each physical/chemical technology. The discussion is based on a review of 30 recent laboratory investigations and 37 field applications of soil washing systems which have been undertaken, mostly in the US, for the period 1990-2007. This paper also examines and compares the status of soil washing technology for remediation of soils contaminated with metals in the US, in Canada and in Europe.
土壤淋洗是从土壤中去除金属污染物的少数几种永久性处理方法之一。本文综述了适用于重金属高度污染土壤的土壤淋洗的各种技术类型以及中试/全尺寸现场应用。分别讨论了物理分离技术、化学萃取工艺以及结合物理和化学方法的综合工艺。本文综述了每种物理/化学技术的基本原理、适用性、优点和局限性、预测和改善性能的方法。该讨论基于对1990年至2007年期间主要在美国进行的30项近期土壤淋洗系统实验室研究和37项现场应用的综述。本文还考察并比较了美国、加拿大和欧洲用于修复金属污染土壤的土壤淋洗技术的现状。
