Folstein Jonathan R, Van Petten Cyma, Rose Scott A
Department of Psychology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Psychophysiology. 2008 May;45(3):467-79. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2007.00628.x. Epub 2007 Nov 28.
We manipulated categorical typicality and the presence of conflicting information as participants categorized multifeatured artificial animals. In Experiment 1, rule-irrelevant features were correlated with particular categories during training. In the test phase, participants applied a one-dimensional rule to stimuli with rule-irrelevant features that were category-congruent, category-incongruent, or novel. Category-incongruent and novel features delayed RT and P3 latency, but had no effect on the N2. Experiment 2 used a two-dimensional rule to create conflict between rule-relevant features. Conflict resulted in prolonged RTs and larger amplitudes of a prefrontal positive component, but had no impact on the N2. Stimuli with novel features did elicit a larger N2 than those with frequent features. These results suggest limitations on the generality of the N2's sensitivity to conflicting information while confirming its sensitivity to attended visual novelty.
在参与者对具有多种特征的人工动物进行分类时，我们操纵了类别典型性和冲突信息的存在情况。在实验1中，与规则无关的特征在训练期间与特定类别相关联。在测试阶段，参与者将一维规则应用于具有与类别一致、与类别不一致或新颖的与规则无关特征的刺激。与类别不一致和新颖的特征会延迟反应时间（RT）和P3潜伏期，但对N2没有影响。实验2使用二维规则在与规则相关的特征之间制造冲突。冲突导致反应时间延长和前额叶正成分的振幅增大，但对N2没有影响。具有新颖特征的刺激比具有常见特征的刺激确实引发了更大的N2。这些结果表明，N2对冲突信息敏感性的普遍性存在局限性，同时证实了其对所关注视觉新颖性的敏感性。
