Jokerst Nan M, Brooke Martin A, Cho Sang-Yeon, Shang Allan B
From the Departments of *Electrical and Computer Engineering, and †Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
Anesth Analg. 2007 Dec;105(6 Suppl):S42-S47. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000278760.29572.3b.
The revolution in integrated circuits over the past 50 yr has produced inexpensive computing and communications systems that are powerful and portable. The technologies for these integrated chip-scale sensing systems, which will be miniature, lightweight, and portable, are emerging with the integration of sensors with electronics, optical systems, micromachines, microfluidics, and the integration of chemical and biological materials (soft/wet material integration with traditional dry/hard semiconductor materials). Hence, we stand at a threshold for health monitoring technology that promises to provide wearable biochemical sensing systems that are comfortable, inauspicious, wireless, and battery-operated, yet that continuously monitor health status, and can transmit compressed data signals at regular intervals, or alarm conditions immediately. In this paper, we explore recent results in chip-scale sensor integration technology for health monitoring. The development of inexpensive chip-scale biochemical optical sensors, such as microresonators, that are customizable for high sensitivity coupled with rapid prototyping will be discussed. Ground-breaking work in the integration of chip-scale optical systems to support these optical sensors will be highlighted, and the development of inexpensive Si complementary metal-oxide semiconductor circuitry (which makes up the vast majority of computational systems today) for signal processing and wireless communication with local receivers that lie directly on the chip-scale sensor head itself will be examined.
过去50年里，集成电路的革命催生了强大且便携的廉价计算和通信系统。随着传感器与电子设备、光学系统、微机械、微流体的集成，以及化学和生物材料（软/湿材料与传统干/硬半导体材料的集成），这些集成芯片级传感系统的技术正在兴起，它们将是微型、轻便且便携的。因此，我们正站在健康监测技术的门槛上，有望提供舒适、无害、无线且由电池供电的可穿戴生化传感系统，该系统能持续监测健康状况，并能定期传输压缩数据信号或立即发出警报。在本文中，我们探讨了用于健康监测的芯片级传感器集成技术的最新成果。将讨论廉价的芯片级生化光学传感器（如微谐振器）的开发，这些传感器可定制以实现高灵敏度并结合快速原型制作。将突出在集成芯片级光学系统以支持这些光学传感器方面的开创性工作，并将研究用于信号处理以及与直接位于芯片级传感器头部本身的本地接收器进行无线通信的廉价硅互补金属氧化物半导体电路（构成了当今绝大多数计算系统）的开发。
