MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007 Dec 7;56(48):1257-61.
Cancer is the fourth most common cause of death (after unintentional injury, homicide, and suicide) among persons aged 1-19 years in the United States. Because recent childhood cancer mortality has not been well characterized in terms of temporal, demographic, and geographic trends, CDC analyzed cancer death rates among children (defined as aged 0-14 years) and adolescents (defined as aged 15-19 years) for the period 1990-2004 by sex, age group, race, ethnicity, U.S. Census region, and primary cancer site/leading diagnosis, using the most recent data available from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS). This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, overall, age-adjusted childhood cancer death rates decreased significantly during 1990-2004 among both sexes, both age groups, all races (except American Indians/Alaska Natives [AI/ANs]), Hispanics, non-Hispanics, and all U.S. Census regions. However, decreases in death rates varied among U.S. Census regions and between Hispanics and non-Hispanics. Eliminating racial/ethnic health disparities is one of the overarching goals of Healthy People 2010. Further research is needed to understand geographic and ethnic disparities in childhood cancer death rates. Moreover, cancer prevention and intervention measures should be designed to reach populations that are underserved and at high risk.
癌症是美国1至19岁人群中第四大常见死因（仅次于意外伤害、凶杀和自杀）。由于近期儿童癌症死亡率在时间、人口统计学和地理趋势方面的特征尚不明确，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）利用国家生命统计系统（NVSS）的最新数据，按性别、年龄组、种族、族裔、美国人口普查区域以及原发性癌症部位/主要诊断，分析了1990 - 2004年期间儿童（定义为0至14岁）和青少年（定义为15至19岁）的癌症死亡率。本报告描述了该分析结果，结果表明，总体而言，1990 - 2004年期间，所有种族（美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民[AI/ANs]除外）、西班牙裔、非西班牙裔以及所有美国人口普查区域的男女儿童和青少年年龄调整后的癌症死亡率均显著下降。然而，各人口普查区域以及西班牙裔和非西班牙裔之间的死亡率下降情况存在差异。消除种族/族裔健康差距是《健康人民2010》的首要目标之一。需要进一步开展研究，以了解儿童癌症死亡率的地理和种族差异。此外，应设计癌症预防和干预措施，以惠及那些未得到充分服务且处于高风险的人群。
