Safaeian Mahboobeh, Solomon Diane, Castle Philip E
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health/DHHS, 6120 Executive Blvd., Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2007 Dec;34(4):739-60, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2007.09.004.
The incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in the United States has declined by more than 70% since the 1950s. This decline is attributed mainly to the introduction of Papanicolaou's test in the 1940s. Cervical cancer, however, remains the second most frequent of all female malignancies worldwide, with 80% of the cases occurring in resource-poor countries. This disparity is attributed primarily to the lack of screening and treatment of precancerous lesions. This article describes the traditional methods of screening for cervical cancer and innovative methods that might help overcome financial and cultural barriers to more widespread screening.
自20世纪50年代以来，美国宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率下降了70%以上。这种下降主要归因于20世纪40年代引入的巴氏试验。然而，宫颈癌仍是全球所有女性恶性肿瘤中第二常见的，80%的病例发生在资源匮乏的国家。这种差异主要归因于癌前病变筛查和治疗的缺乏。本文介绍了宫颈癌的传统筛查方法以及可能有助于克服财务和文化障碍以实现更广泛筛查的创新方法。
