Wang Da-Peng, Wu Qing-Ping, Kou Xiao-Xia
Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou 510070, China.
Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2007 Oct;47(5):942-6.
Noroviruses (NVs) were one of the new borne viruses, which was found firstly in the Unit States of America in 1972 and reported in China in 1995. The main food-borne viral pathogens affect people badly and cause the epidemic acute gastroenteritis in all kinds of people. And to this day, however, no cell lines and animal models have been found, which has hampered the study of these viruses. With the progress of the molecular biology and other subjects, the genomes of different NVs were sequenced, and the proteins of the viruses were expressed in vitro by the eukaryotic and prokaryotic expression systems respectively. Therefore, the novel knowledge and ideas on NVs were developed quickly in the character of these kinds of viruses. In this article, the NVs were described systematically, such as the structure of genomes and function of these nucleotides, organization and function of proteins, application and development of detecting and accumulation of epidemiology. Furthermore, the majority of researchers were interested in and focused on the study of protein and the detection of viruses. The progress and obstacles in this field were also involved. In additional, the suggestions were mentioned about the molecular evolution, detection and multiplication system in vitro on the viruses.
诺如病毒（NVs）是新兴病毒之一，1972年在美国首次发现，1995年在中国有报道。它是主要的食源性病毒病原体，严重影响人类，可在各类人群中引发急性肠胃炎流行。然而，直至今日，尚未发现能够用于研究这些病毒的细胞系和动物模型，这阻碍了对这些病毒的研究。随着分子生物学等学科的发展，不同诺如病毒的基因组被测序，病毒蛋白分别通过真核和原核表达系统在体外得以表达。因此，基于这些病毒的特性，关于诺如病毒的新知识和新观点迅速涌现。在本文中，对诺如病毒进行了系统描述，包括基因组结构、这些核苷酸的功能、蛋白质的组成与功能、检测方法的应用与发展以及流行病学的积累情况。此外，大多数研究人员对蛋白质研究和病毒检测感兴趣并予以关注。该领域的进展和障碍也有所涉及。另外，还提到了关于病毒分子进化、体外检测及增殖系统的建议。
