Benoit-Vical F, Soh P Njomnang, Saléry M, Harguem L, Poupat C, Nongonierma R
Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, UPR8241, 31077 Toulouse 4, France.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 Feb 28;116(1):43-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.10.033. Epub 2007 Dec 11.
An ethnobotanical study was conducted in the Dakar area of Senegal to investigate the species used in the treatment of malaria. Seven plants are principally used: Cissampelos mucronata, Maytenus senegalensis, Terminalia macroptera, Bidens engleri, Ceratotheca sesamoides, Chrozophora senegalensis and Mitracarpus scaber. From a bibliographic study, it had been shown that the Cissampelos mucronata, Maytenus senegalensis and Terminalia macroptera have already been studied by several authors, and so only Bidens engleri, Ceratotheca sesamoides, Chrozophora senegalensis and Mitracarpus scaber were evaluated in the present study. For each plant, extracts were prepared with different solvents and tested in vitro on two chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. Crude extracts from the leaves and the stems of Chrozophora senegalensis showed the best in vitro results. The IC(50) value of an aqueous extract of Chrozophora senegalensis was 1.6 microg/ml without cytotoxicity. The in vivo antiplasmodial activity of Chrozophora extracts was determined by both the oral and the intraperitoneal ways. The stages of Plasmodium cycle targeted by Chrozophora were then studied in vitro. These results could justify the traditional use of this plant in malaria treatment.
在塞内加尔的达喀尔地区开展了一项民族植物学研究，以调查用于治疗疟疾的物种。主要使用七种植物：具刺锡生藤、塞内加尔美登木、大翅榄仁、恩格勒鬼针草、芝麻角胡麻、塞内加尔叶下珠和粗糙米特草。通过文献研究表明，具刺锡生藤、塞内加尔美登木和大翅榄仁已有多位作者进行过研究，因此本研究仅对恩格勒鬼针草、芝麻角胡麻、塞内加尔叶下珠和粗糙米特草进行评估。对于每种植物，用不同溶剂制备提取物，并在体外对两种耐氯喹恶性疟原虫菌株进行测试。塞内加尔叶下珠叶和茎的粗提物显示出最佳的体外效果。塞内加尔叶下珠水提取物的半数抑制浓度（IC50）值为1.6微克/毫升，且无细胞毒性。通过口服和腹腔注射两种方式测定了叶下珠提取物的体内抗疟活性。随后在体外研究了叶下珠针对疟原虫周期的阶段。这些结果可以解释这种植物在疟疾治疗中的传统用途。
