Rabello Patrícia Moreira, Caldas Arnaldo de França
Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2007 Dec;41(6):970-8. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102007000600012.
To evaluate the association between cohesion, adaptability and mental risk in families, physical violence against women and the use of drugs.
Data for this paired case-control study was collected in 2004 and 2005 in the city of Joao Pessoa, in Northeastern Brazil. The sample included 260 women, divided into 130 battered individuals and 130 non-battered. The case study group consisted of women who lodged complaints for domestic violence at the Specialist Women's Police Station. The control group was made up of women living in the same neighborhood as those who had made the complaint. Cohesion, adaptability and mental risk were all measured using the "Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales". For the statistical analysis the Chi-square and the Fisher's Exact Tests ere used, at a significance level of 5%.
The two groups differed for measures relating to mental risk and cohesion, but had similar results for family adaptability (p=0.0917). The women victims of domestic violence had high (43.1%) and medium (39.2%) mental risk, while the non-victims had only medium risk (55.4%). There was a significant difference in drug use between the two groups, with greater consumption among the families of battered women (90.8%) compared with those of non-battered women (56.9%). The most widely used drug was alcohol, which also represented the highest risk factor for aggression if consumed daily (OR=37.33) or in conjunction with other drugs (OR=29,56).
Both the instability caused by a lack of family unity and the use of drugs significantly affect family functioning and may give rise to conflict and domestic violence.
评估家庭凝聚力、适应性与心理风险、针对妇女的身体暴力及药物使用之间的关联。
这项配对病例对照研究的数据于2004年和2005年在巴西东北部的若昂佩索阿市收集。样本包括260名女性，分为130名受虐者和130名未受虐者。病例研究组由在妇女专门警察局投诉家庭暴力的女性组成。对照组由与投诉者居住在同一社区的女性组成。凝聚力、适应性和心理风险均使用“家庭适应性和凝聚力评估量表”进行测量。统计分析采用卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验，显著性水平为5%。
两组在心理风险和凝聚力方面的测量结果存在差异，但在家庭适应性方面结果相似（p = 0.0917）。家庭暴力的女性受害者有高（43.1%）和中度（39.2%）心理风险，而未受虐者只有中度风险（55.4%）。两组在药物使用方面存在显著差异，受虐妇女家庭的药物消费量（90.8%）高于未受虐妇女家庭（56.9%）。使用最广泛的药物是酒精，如果每天饮用（优势比=37.33）或与其他药物一起饮用（优势比=29.56），酒精也是攻击行为的最高风险因素。
家庭缺乏团结导致的不稳定和药物使用都会显著影响家庭功能，并可能引发冲突和家庭暴力。
