Cetin Banu, Odabasi Mustafa
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Kaynaklar Campus, 35160 Buca, Izmir, Turkey.
Chemosphere. 2008 Apr;71(6):1067-78. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.10.052. Epub 2007 Dec 18.
Atmospheric concentrations of 7 PBDE congeners (BDE-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154 and -209) were determined at four sites (i.e. Suburban, Urban 1, Urban 2, Industrial) in Izmir, Turkey and their gas/particle partitioning was investigated. Total PBDE ( summation operator(7)PBDE) concentrations ranged between 11 (Urban 1) and 149pgm(-3) (Industrial) in summer, while in winter, they ranged from 6 (Suburban) to 81pgm(-3) (Industrial). BDE-209 was the dominant congener at all sites, followed by BDE-99 and -47. Investigation of source profiles indicated that the air samples were dominated by congeners of the penta and deca-technical BDE mixtures. The measured PBDE particle fractions were compared to the predictions of the K(OA) (octanol-air partition coefficient)-based equilibrium partitioning model and to the dynamic uptake model developed by others for passive samplers, which was adapted to model gas-particle partitioning in this study. For BDE-28, good agreement was observed between the experimental particle fractions and those predicted by the equilibrium partitioning model. However, this model overestimated the particle fractions of other congeners. The predictions of the dynamic uptake model supported the hypothesis that the unexpectedly high partitioning of BDEs (except BDE-28) to the gas-phase is due to their departure from equilibrium partitioning. When congeners with very large octanol-air partition coefficients (i.e. BDE-100, -99, -154, -153, and -209) are emitted from their sources in the gas-phase, they may remain in that phase for several months before reaching equilibrium with atmospheric particles. This may also have important implications for the transport of atmospheric PBDEs. For example, in addition to particle-bound transport, the gas-phase transport of highly brominated congeners (i.e. BDE-209) may also be important.
在土耳其伊兹密尔的四个地点（即郊区、城市1、城市2、工业区）测定了7种多溴二苯醚同系物（BDE-28、-47、-99、-100、-153、-154和-209）的大气浓度，并对其气/粒分配情况进行了研究。夏季，多溴二苯醚总量（∑7种多溴二苯醚）浓度在11（城市1）至149皮克/立方米（工业区）之间，而冬季则在6（郊区）至81皮克/立方米（工业区）之间。BDE-209是所有地点的主要同系物，其次是BDE-99和-47。源特征调查表明，空气样本中以五溴和十溴工业混合物的同系物为主。将测得的多溴二苯醚颗粒分数与基于辛醇-空气分配系数（K(OA)）的平衡分配模型的预测结果以及其他人开发的用于被动采样器的动态吸收模型（本研究中对该模型进行了调整以模拟气粒分配）进行了比较。对于BDE-28，实验颗粒分数与平衡分配模型预测的结果之间观察到良好的一致性。然而，该模型高估了其他同系物的颗粒分数。动态吸收模型的预测结果支持了以下假设：多溴二苯醚（BDE-28除外）向气相的意外高分配是由于它们偏离了平衡分配。当具有非常大的辛醇-空气分配系数的同系物（即BDE-100、-99、-154、-153和-209）从源处以气相形式排放时，它们可能在气相中停留数月，然后才与大气颗粒达到平衡。这也可能对大气中多溴二苯醚的传输产生重要影响。例如，除了颗粒结合传输外，高溴化同系物（即BDE-209）的气相传输也可能很重要。
