Bitter Robert N
Gen Dent. 2007 Nov;55(7):616-22.
The periodontal soft and hard tissues are an important determinant of restorative smile esthetics. Management of the periodontal tissues that "frame" each tooth is crucial to esthetic smile design. This article describes a four-step technique that makes it possible to sculpt the position of the labial gingival margin to provide additional crown height or length, a process the author describes as smile sculpting. This periodontal smile sculpting can aid in determining the pre-restorative treatment profile for teeth and create a blueprint for the restorative dentist to enhance a patient's final esthetic treatment results. Crucial to understanding this process is an appreciation of the periodontal principles that govern smile design, especially the periodontal biologic width and the influence of the underlying hard tissue bony architecture in defining the periodontal envelope from which the teeth emerge.
牙周软硬组织是修复性微笑美学的重要决定因素。对构成每颗牙齿“框架”的牙周组织进行处理，对于美学微笑设计至关重要。本文介绍了一种四步法技术，该技术能够塑造唇侧牙龈边缘的位置，以增加牙冠高度或长度，作者将这一过程称为微笑塑形。这种牙周微笑塑形有助于确定牙齿修复前的治疗方案，并为修复牙医提供一个蓝图，以提高患者最终的美学治疗效果。理解这一过程的关键在于认识到支配微笑设计的牙周原则，尤其是牙周生物学宽度以及底层硬组织骨结构在界定牙齿萌出的牙周膜时所产生的影响。
