Simms B
Banstead Mobility Centre, Carshalton, Surrey, U.K.
Eur J Pediatr Surg. 1991 Dec;1 Suppl 1:31-4. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1042536.
This study aimed to collect information on the car use and driving experiences of drivers with spina bifida and hydrocephalus and their disabled and able-bodied peers. A questionnaire was completed by 36 drivers with spina bifida and hydrocephalus (SBH) and two control groups, 36 able-bodied (AB) drivers and 14 drivers with cerebral palsy (CP). Results indicated that although those with SBH and CP took longer to learn to drive than their AB peers and reported more difficulties during the tuition period, the nature of the difficulties experienced were the same for all groups. In the first year of driving those with SBH and CP reported a lower weekly mileage but a higher number of accidents than their able-bodied peers. The SBH group were also less likely to travel on unfamiliar routes and reported greater difficulties with route planning and route following. Many drivers from both disabled and able-bodied groups reported difficulties with parking and reversing during the first year of driving and would have welcomed advice in these (and other) areas. Many SBH and CP drivers were unable to use service stations independently due to physical difficulties, and some would have liked advice on how to use the equipment. Although most drivers considered that being able to drive had given them more freedom and independence, the provision of on-going advice and training was needed to develop driving skills in the early years as a qualified driver.
本研究旨在收集有关脊柱裂和脑积水患者及其残疾和健全同龄人驾车使用情况和驾驶体验的信息。36名患有脊柱裂和脑积水（SBH）的驾驶员以及两个对照组，即36名健全（AB）驾驶员和14名脑瘫（CP）驾驶员完成了一份问卷。结果表明，尽管患有SBH和CP的人比其健全同龄人学习驾驶所需的时间更长，并且在学习期间报告的困难更多，但所有组经历的困难性质相同。在驾驶的第一年，患有SBH和CP的人报告每周行驶里程较低，但事故数量高于其健全同龄人。SBH组也不太可能在不熟悉的路线上行驶，并且在路线规划和路线跟踪方面报告有更大困难。许多残疾和健全组的驾驶员在驾驶的第一年都报告了停车和倒车方面的困难，并且会欢迎在这些（以及其他）方面得到建议。由于身体困难，许多SBH和CP驾驶员无法独立使用服务站，有些人希望得到有关如何使用设备的建议。尽管大多数驾驶员认为能够开车给了他们更多的自由和独立，但在早年作为一名合格驾驶员发展驾驶技能需要持续提供建议和培训。
