Simms B
Z Kinderchir. 1986 Dec;41 Suppl 1:51-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1043400.
This study investigated the relationship between perceptual-cognitive skills and driving performance in a group of eleven learner drivers disabled by spina bifida and hydrocephalus. Perceptual-cognitive skills assessed include figure-ground discrimination, visual scanning/tracking, spatial orientation, language, reasoning and memory ability. Following ten hours driving tuition in suitably adapted cars, driving performance in off-road manoeuvres and in-traffic situations was measured. Results showed that the perceptual-cognitive skills of this group were in the low average or below average range compared to a non-handicapped population. Spearman Rank Order Correlations between clinical tests and driving performance indicated that although certain tests correlated with off-road manoeuvres, no perceptual measures were reliable indicators of in-traffic driving. There were indications that practical measures of spatial orientation and reasoning ability may be more relevant to some aspects of driving than tested perceptual skills. Memory for road signs, landmarks and routes was also investigated. Accurate retention seemed more dependent on general reasoning ability than tested aspects of memory functioning. It is suggested that as clinically tested perceptual skills do not seem to be reliable indicators of driving performance, an individual's test results should not be used to deter him from learning to drive.
本研究调查了一组因脊柱裂和脑积水而身体残疾的11名学习驾驶者的感知认知技能与驾驶表现之间的关系。所评估的感知认知技能包括图形背景辨别、视觉扫描/追踪、空间定向、语言、推理和记忆能力。在经过十小时在适当改装汽车中的驾驶培训后，对越野操作和交通状况下的驾驶表现进行了测量。结果显示，与非残疾人群相比，该组的感知认知技能处于低平均水平或低于平均水平。临床测试与驾驶表现之间的斯皮尔曼等级相关表明，尽管某些测试与越野操作相关，但没有任何感知测量是交通驾驶的可靠指标。有迹象表明，空间定向和推理能力的实际测量可能比所测试的感知技能与驾驶的某些方面更相关。还对道路标志、地标和路线的记忆进行了调查。准确记忆似乎更多地依赖于一般推理能力，而非所测试的记忆功能方面。研究表明，由于临床测试的感知技能似乎不是驾驶表现的可靠指标，不应根据个人的测试结果阻止其学习驾驶。
