Hamlyn Nicolle, Behm David G, Young Warren B
School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.
J Strength Cond Res. 2007 Nov;21(4):1108-12. doi: 10.1519/R-20366.1.
The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of activation in various trunk muscles during dynamic weight-training and isometric instability exercises. Sixteen subjects performed squats and deadlifts with 80% 1 repetition maximum (1RM), as well as with body weight as resistance and 2 unstable calisthenic-type exercises (superman and sidebridge). Electromyographic (EMG) activity was measured from the lower abdominals (LA), external obliques (EO), upper lumbar erector spinae (ULES), and lumbar-sacral erector spinae (LSES) muscle groups. Results indicated that the LSES EMG activity during the 80% 1RM squat significantly exceeded 80% 1RM deadlift LSES EMG activity by 34.5%. The LSES EMG activity of the 80% 1RM squat also exceeded the body weight squat, deadlift, superman, and sidebridge by 56, 56.6, 65.5, and 53.1%, respectively. The 80% 1RM deadlift ULES EMG activity significantly exceeded the 80% 1RM squat exercise by 12.9%. In addition, the 80% 1RM deadlift ULES EMG activity also exceeded the body weight squat, deadlift, superman, and sidebridge exercises by 66.7, 65.5, 69.3, and 68.6%, respectively. There were no significant changes in EO or LA activity. Therefore, the augmented activity of the LSES and ULES during 80% 1RM squat and deadlift resistance exercises exceeded the activation levels achieved with the same exercises performed with body weight and selected instability exercises. Individuals performing upright, resisted, dynamic exercises can achieve high trunk muscle activation and thus may not need to add instability device exercises to augment core stability training.
本研究的目的是检测在动态负重训练和等长不稳定训练过程中，各躯干肌肉的激活程度。16名受试者进行了80% 1次最大重复量（1RM）的深蹲和硬拉训练，以及以体重为阻力的训练和2种不稳定的健身操类训练（超人式和侧桥）。测量了下腹部（LA）、腹外斜肌（EO）、上腰段竖脊肌（ULES）和腰骶段竖脊肌（LSES）肌群的肌电图（EMG）活动。结果表明，80% 1RM深蹲时LSES的EMG活动比80% 1RM硬拉时LSES的EMG活动显著高出34.5%。80% 1RM深蹲时LSES的EMG活动也分别比体重深蹲、硬拉、超人式和侧桥训练高出56%、56.6%、65.5%和53.1%。80% 1RM硬拉时ULES的EMG活动比80% 1RM深蹲训练显著高出12.9%。此外，80% 1RM硬拉时ULES的EMG活动也分别比体重深蹲、硬拉、超人式和侧桥训练高出66.7%、65.5%、69.3%和68.6%。EO或LA的活动没有显著变化。因此，在80% 1RM深蹲和硬拉抗阻训练过程中，LSES和ULES增强的活动超过了以体重进行相同训练以及所选不稳定训练所达到的激活水平。进行直立、抗阻、动态训练的个体可以实现较高的躯干肌肉激活，因此可能无需增加不稳定器械训练来增强核心稳定性训练。
