探索两种不同的等效抗不稳定训练方案对青春期前举重运动员身体素质和下肢不对称性的影响。
Exploring of two different equated instability resistance training programs on measure of physical fitness and lower limb asymmetry in pre-pubertal weightlifters.
作者信息
Hammami Raouf, Nobari Hadi, Hanen Werfelli, Gene-Morales Javier, Rebai Haithem, Colado Juan C, Ardigò Luca Paolo
机构信息
Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of La Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia.
Research Laboratory Education, Motricity, Sport, and Health LR19JS01, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Tunis, Tunisia.
出版信息
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023 Mar 23;15(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s13102-023-00652-0.
BACKGROUND
Although previous research in pediatric populations has reported performance enhancements following instability resistance training, the effects of different volumes on measures of balance, strength and power and lower limb asymmetry remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the effect of two 8-week instability resistance training programs (IRT1: 2 sets x 8 repetitions, 20% one-repetition maximum (1RM); IRT2: 2 sets x 4 repetitions, 40% 1RM) in balance (center of pressure displacements), 1RM, single-leg jumps, and inter-limb asymmetry of prepubescent weightlifters.
METHODS
Thirty-two male athletes (10.94 ± 0.47 yrs, 17.05 ± 0.14 kg/m, and 6.44 ± 0.93% bodyfat) voluntarily participated and combined IRT (front and back squat, lunge, and deadlift) with their usual weightlifting training. Nonparametric tests evaluated the differences between pre- and post-intervention.
RESULTS
Significant improvements were encountered in all the variables for both groups (effect sizes [ES] from 0.46 to 2.60), except the inter-limb asymmetry and the velocity of displacement of the center of pressure, which did not improve in IRT2. It is also worth highlighting that in the single-leg jumps and center of pressure displacements, whereas no significant differences were observed between IRT1 and IRT2 in the baseline, significant differences appeared in the follow-up measurements.
CONCLUSION
IRT combined with weight-lifting training improves prepubescent weightlifters' performance; therefore, strength and conditioning coaches may consider including unstable devices with low loads into an overall conditioning program and warm-ups for prepuberal male weightlifters to promote their physical fitness and potentially decrease inter-limb asymmetry.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This study does not report results related to healthcare interventions using human participants; therefore, it was not prospectively registered.
背景
尽管先前针对儿童群体的研究报告称，抗不稳定训练后运动表现有所提高，但不同训练量对平衡、力量、功率以及下肢不对称性指标的影响仍不明确。
目的
比较两个为期8周的抗不稳定训练方案（IRT1：2组×8次重复，1次重复最大值（1RM）的20%；IRT2：2组×4次重复，1RM的40%）对青春期前举重运动员平衡能力（压力中心位移）、1RM、单腿跳跃以及肢体间不对称性的影响。
方法
32名男性运动员（年龄10.94±0.47岁，身体质量指数17.05±0.14kg/m²，体脂率6.44±0.93%）自愿参与，将抗不稳定训练（前蹲、后蹲、弓步蹲和硬拉）与常规举重训练相结合。采用非参数检验评估干预前后的差异。
结果
两组所有变量均有显著改善（效应量[ES]为0.46至2.60），但IRT2组的肢体间不对称性和压力中心位移速度未得到改善。还值得注意的是，在单腿跳跃和压力中心位移方面，尽管IRT1和IRT2组在基线时未观察到显著差异，但在随访测量中出现了显著差异。
结论
抗不稳定训练与举重训练相结合可提高青春期前举重运动员的运动表现；因此体能教练可考虑将低负荷不稳定器械纳入青春期前男性举重运动员的整体体能训练计划和热身活动中，以促进其身体健康，并可能减少肢体间不对称性。
试验注册
本研究未报告与使用人类参与者的医疗保健干预相关的结果；因此，未进行前瞻性注册。
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