Hirao S, Yassin M A, Khamofu H G, Lawson L, Cambanis A, Ramsay A, Cuevas L E
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
Trop Med Int Health. 2007 Dec;12(12):1459-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01952.x.
To assess the feasibility of completing the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in 1 day by collecting only on-the-spot specimens.
Individuals with suspected TB attending district hospitals in Abuja submitted three sputum samples for routine diagnosis (the standard approach). One additional sample was collected 1 h after the first sputum (the same-day approach). One sputum sample was cultured. Blood samples were tested for HIV.
Two hundred and twenty-four patients with chronic cough had 135/672 (20%) positive on-the-spot smears and 47/224 (21%) positive morning smears. The same-day and internationally recommended approaches identified 44 and 45 of the 78 patients with positive cultures, respectively. 106/194 (55%) patients were HIV positive. Only 9-11% of their smears were positive compared with 30-32% for HIV negatives (P < 0.01).
It could be possible to diagnose TB in a single day by examining two spot specimens, but the feasibility needs to be confirmed on a larger scale.
通过仅采集现场样本评估在1天内完成结核病（TB）诊断的可行性。
在阿布贾地区医院就诊的疑似结核病患者提交三份痰样本用于常规诊断（标准方法）。在采集第一份痰样本1小时后再采集一份样本（当日方法）。对一份痰样本进行培养。检测血液样本中的HIV。
224例慢性咳嗽患者的现场涂片有135/672（20%）呈阳性，晨痰涂片有47/224（21%）呈阳性。当日方法和国际推荐方法分别在78例培养阳性患者中识别出44例和45例。106/194（55%）例患者HIV呈阳性。其涂片仅9 - 11%呈阳性，而HIV阴性者为30 - 32%（P < 0.01）。
通过检查两份现场样本有可能在一天内诊断结核病，但可行性需要更大规模地予以证实。
