Compton Michael T, Chien Victoria H
Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Schizophr Res. 2008 Mar;100(1-3):216-23. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2007.11.021. Epub 2008 Feb 20.
This study examined potential associations between schizotypy--including positive, negative, and disorganized domains--and olfactory identification ability. Based on a prior report (Park, S., Schoppe, S., 1997. Olfactory identification deficit in relation to schizotypy. Schizophr. Res. 26, 191-197), it was hypothesized that positive and negative schizotypy would be associated with poorer olfactory identification ability, at least among male participants.
As part of a larger study, the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) were administered to 98 participants, including 44 healthy first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia and related disorders and 54 non-psychiatric controls. Potential associations between SPQ subscales and UPSIT score were examined while considering the effects of sociodemographic variables on these measures.
SPQ and UPSIT scores were not significantly different in first-degree relatives and controls. There was no evidence of an association between SPQ domains and UPSIT score, even when controlling for possible confounding variables, including age and educational attainment.
The nascent literature on potential associations between schizotypy and olfactory identification ability has yielded mixed findings to date. The current study does not support a correlation between these two markers, and this lack of association--in addition to equal olfactory identification performance in relatives and controls--casts doubt on the utility of the UPSIT as a measure of an endophenotypic trait. Future research would benefit from larger, more diverse samples; the addition of objective, interviewer-based measures of schizotypy; and attention to potentially confounding sociodemographic variables.
本研究考察了精神分裂症样人格特质（包括阳性、阴性和紊乱维度）与嗅觉识别能力之间的潜在关联。基于之前的一份报告（Park, S., Schoppe, S., 1997. 与精神分裂症样人格特质相关的嗅觉识别缺陷。《精神分裂症研究》26, 191 - 197），研究假设阳性和阴性精神分裂症样人格特质与较差的嗅觉识别能力相关，至少在男性参与者中如此。
作为一项更大规模研究的一部分，对98名参与者施测了精神分裂症样人格问卷（SPQ）和宾夕法尼亚大学嗅觉识别测试（UPSIT），其中包括44名精神分裂症及相关障碍患者的健康一级亲属和54名非精神科对照者。在考虑社会人口统计学变量对这些测量指标影响的同时，考察了SPQ各分量表与UPSIT得分之间的潜在关联。
一级亲属和对照者的SPQ和UPSIT得分无显著差异。即使在控制了包括年龄和教育程度在内的可能混杂变量后，也没有证据表明SPQ各维度与UPSIT得分之间存在关联。
关于精神分裂症样人格特质与嗅觉识别能力之间潜在关联的新兴文献，迄今为止得出了不一致的结果。本研究不支持这两个指标之间存在相关性，而且这种缺乏关联的情况——除了亲属和对照者在嗅觉识别表现上相当之外——让人对UPSIT作为一种内表型特征测量方法的效用产生怀疑。未来的研究将受益于更大、更多样化的样本；增加基于访谈者的客观精神分裂症样人格特质测量方法；以及关注潜在的混杂社会人口统计学变量。
