Wang Su-hua, Baillargeon Renée
Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2008 Jan;12(1):17-23. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.10.012. Epub 2007 Dec 19.
Can infants detect that an object has magically disappeared, broken apart or changed color while briefly hidden? Recent research suggests that infants detect some but not other 'impossible' changes; and that various contextual manipulations can induce infants to detect changes they would not otherwise detect. We present an account that includes three systems: a physical-reasoning, an object-tracking, and an object-representation system. What impossible changes infants detect depends on what object information is included in the physical-reasoning system; this information becomes subject to a principle of persistence, which states that objects can undergo no spontaneous or uncaused change. What contextual manipulations induce infants to detect impossible changes depends on complex interplays between the physical-reasoning system and the object-tracking and object-representation systems.
当物体在短暂隐藏期间神奇地消失、分裂或变色时，婴儿能察觉到吗？最近的研究表明，婴儿能察觉到一些但不是其他的“不可能”变化；并且各种情境操纵可以促使婴儿察觉到他们原本不会察觉到的变化。我们提出了一个包含三个系统的解释：一个物理推理系统、一个物体追踪系统和一个物体表征系统。婴儿察觉到哪些不可能的变化取决于物理推理系统中包含哪些物体信息；这些信息受制于持久性原则，该原则指出物体不会发生自发或无原因的变化。哪些情境操纵促使婴儿察觉到不可能的变化取决于物理推理系统与物体追踪系统和物体表征系统之间复杂的相互作用。
