Zindah Meyasser, Belbeisi Adel, Walke Henry, Mokdad Ali H
Noncommunicable Disease Department, Adel Belbeisi, Jordan Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2008 Jan;5(1):A17. Epub 2007 Dec 15.
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Jordan. The Jordanian Ministry of Health, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, established a behavioral risk factor surveillance system to monitor the behavioral risk factors associated with chronic diseases.
We used a multistage sampling design to select households from which we then randomly selected and interviewed one adult aged 18 years or older. A random subsample of the adults interviewed were then invited to visit the local health clinic, where we obtained medical measurements, including blood lipids (low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides) and fasting blood glucose.
Approximately 9% of the participants in the subsample who underwent medical testing reported having been diagnosed with diabetes previously, compared with 16.9% diagnosed in our laboratory testing. About 12.3% of the participants were glucose intolerant, and about 35% were obese. Obesity was significantly associated with diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and asthma. Compared with adults of normal weight, obese adults had an adjusted odds ratio of 3.27 (95% CI, 1.58-6.76) for diabetes, 3.69 (95% CI, 2.13-6.39) for high blood pressure, 3.45 (95% CI, 1.68-7.10) for high cholesterol, and 5.12 (95% CI, 1.53-17.19) for asthma.
Obesity, poor diet, and physical inactivity create a major chronic disease burden in Jordan that is likely to increase substantially in the next few years. Our findings argue for establishment of a more preventive orientation in health care and public health systems in Jordan.
慢性病是约旦发病和死亡的主要原因。约旦卫生部与疾病控制与预防中心合作，建立了一个行为危险因素监测系统，以监测与慢性病相关的行为危险因素。
我们采用多阶段抽样设计来选择家庭，然后从这些家庭中随机选择并访谈一名18岁及以上的成年人。随后，我们邀请了接受访谈的成年人中的一个随机子样本前往当地健康诊所，在那里我们获取了医学测量数据，包括血脂（低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯）以及空腹血糖。
在接受医学检测的子样本参与者中，约9%的人报告曾被诊断患有糖尿病，而在我们的实验室检测中这一比例为16.9%。约12.3%的参与者存在葡萄糖不耐受情况，约35%的参与者肥胖。肥胖与糖尿病、高血压、高胆固醇和哮喘显著相关。与正常体重的成年人相比，肥胖成年人患糖尿病的调整后优势比为3.27（95%置信区间，1.58 - 6.76），患高血压的调整后优势比为3.69（95%置信区间，2.13 - 6.39），患高胆固醇的调整后优势比为3.45（95%置信区间，1.68 - 7.10），患哮喘的调整后优势比为5.12（95%置信区间，1.53 - 17.19）。
肥胖、不良饮食和身体活动不足给约旦带来了重大的慢性病负担，未来几年这一负担可能会大幅增加。我们的研究结果表明，约旦的医疗保健和公共卫生系统应确立更具预防性的方向。
