Xia Yu, McLuckey Scott A
Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47909-1393, USA.
J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2008 Feb;19(2):173-89. doi: 10.1016/j.jasms.2007.10.018. Epub 2007 Nov 1.
The scope of gas-phase ion/ion chemistry accessible to mass spectrometry is largely defined by the available tools. Due to the development of novel instrumentation, a wide range of reaction phenomenologies has been noted, many of which have been studied extensively and exploited for analytical applications. This perspective presents the development of mass spectrometry-based instrumentation for the study of the gas-phase ion/ion chemistry in which at least one of the reactants is multiply charged. The instrument evolution is presented within the context of three essential elements required for any ion/ion reaction study: the ionization source(s), the reaction vessel or environment, and the mass analyzer. Ionization source arrangements have included source combinations that allow for reactions between multiply charged ions of one polarity and singly charged ions of opposite polarity, arrangements that enable the study of reactions of multiply charged ions of opposite polarity and, most recently, arrangements that allow for ion formation from more than two ion sources. Gas-phase ion/ion reaction studies have been performed at near atmospheric pressure in flow reactor designs and within electrodynamic ion traps operated in the mTorr range. With ion trap as a reaction vessel, ionization and reaction processes can be independently optimized and ion/ion reactions can be implemented within the context of MSn experiments. Spatial separation of the reaction vessel from the mass analyzer allows for the use of any form of mass analysis in conjunction with ion/ion reactions. Time-of-flight mass analysis, for example, has provided significant improvements in mass analysis figures of merit relative to mass filters and ion traps.
质谱可实现的气相离子/离子化学的范围在很大程度上由可用工具决定。由于新型仪器的发展，人们已经注意到了广泛的反应现象学，其中许多已经得到了广泛研究并被用于分析应用。本文介绍了用于研究气相离子/离子化学的基于质谱的仪器的发展，其中至少一种反应物是多电荷的。仪器的发展是在任何离子/离子反应研究所需的三个基本要素的背景下进行介绍的：电离源、反应容器或环境以及质量分析器。电离源的配置包括允许一种极性的多电荷离子与相反极性的单电荷离子之间发生反应的源组合、能够研究相反极性的多电荷离子反应的配置，以及最近允许从两个以上离子源形成离子的配置。气相离子/离子反应研究已在流动反应器设计中的近大气压下以及在毫托范围内运行的电动离子阱内进行。以离子阱作为反应容器，可以独立优化电离和反应过程，并且可以在MSn实验的背景下实现离子/离子反应。反应容器与质量分析器的空间分离允许将任何形式的质量分析与离子/离子反应结合使用。例如，飞行时间质量分析相对于质量过滤器和离子阱在质量分析品质因数方面有了显著提高。
