Durić B, Secen N
Institut za plućne bolesti i tuberkulozu, Medicinski fakultet Novi Sad.
Med Pregl. 1991;44(5-6):259-62.
Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous multisystemic disorder, of unknown origin, that commonly affects young adults between 20-40 years of age. The disease usually manifests itself with changes in the chest which are radiologically visible in 90% of the patients in the form of bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy to interstitial infiltrates in the lungs and bronchi. Once the diagnosis of sarcoidosis has been established, the next step is to evaluate the activity and stadium of the disease. These activity markers include clinical, biochemical and immunological parameters. The clinical criteria include symptoms which indicate the clinical manifestation of sarcoidosis, as well as symptoms which are of prognostic importance for the further course of the disease: dry cough, dyspnea, erythema nodosum, posterior uveitis, polyarthralgia, myopathy, cardiac, renal or nervous system involvement, lymphadenopathy, skin lesions, splenomegaly, enlarged parotid and lacrimal glands, changes in chest x-ray and changes in pulmonary function tests. Biological criteria: biochemical markers in serum which are related to: macrophage and epithelioid cell activity, to lymphocyte activity, to granuloma activity and to collagen metabolism alterations; isotopic markers--67 gallium scan and cellular and soluble components in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL).
结节病是一种病因不明的肉芽肿性多系统疾病，常见于20至40岁的年轻人。该疾病通常表现为胸部变化，90%的患者在影像学上可见，表现为双侧肺门淋巴结肿大至肺部和支气管间质浸润。一旦结节病的诊断确立，下一步就是评估疾病的活动度和分期。这些活动度指标包括临床、生化和免疫学参数。临床标准包括提示结节病临床表现的症状，以及对疾病进一步发展具有预后意义的症状：干咳、呼吸困难、结节性红斑、后葡萄膜炎、多关节痛、肌病、心脏、肾脏或神经系统受累、淋巴结病、皮肤病变、脾肿大、腮腺和泪腺肿大、胸部X光片变化和肺功能测试变化。生物学标准：血清中的生化标志物，与巨噬细胞和上皮样细胞活性、淋巴细胞活性、肉芽肿活性和胶原代谢改变有关；同位素标志物——镓-67扫描以及支气管肺泡灌洗液（BAL）中的细胞和可溶性成分。
