Chen Kuo-Shu, Lin Yann-Shying, Yang Shang-Shyng
Institute of Microbiology and Biochemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2007 Dec;40(6):462-73.
Intensive agriculture is practised in Taiwan, and compost application is very popular as a means of improving the soil physical properties and supplying plant nutrition. We tested the potential of inoculation with thermotolerant microorganisms to shorten the maturity and improve the quality of biofertilizer prepared by composting.
Thermotolerant microorganisms were isolated from compost and reinoculated for the preparation of biofertilizer. The physical, chemical and biological properties of the biofertilizer were determined during composting. The effects of biofertilizer application on the growth and yield of rape were also studied.
Among 3823 colonies of thermotolerant microorganisms, Streptomyces thermonitrificans NTU-88, Streptococcus sp. NTU-130 and Aspergillus fumigatus NTU-132 exhibited high growth rates and cellulolytic and proteolytic activities. When a mixture of rice straw and swine manure were inoculated with these isolates and composted for 61 days, substrate temperature increased initially and then decreased gradually during composting. Substrate pH increased from 7.3 to 8.5. Microbial inoculation enhanced the rate of maturity, and increased the content of ash and total and immobilized nitrogen, improved the germination rate of alfalfa seed, and decreased the content of total organic carbon and the carbon/nitrogen ratio. Biofertilizer application increased the growth and yield of rape.
Inoculation of thermotolerant and thermophilic microorganisms to agricultural waste for biofertilizer preparation enhances the rate of maturity and improves the quality of the resulting biofertilizer. Inoculation of appropriate microorganisms in biofertilizer preparation might be usefully applied to agricultural situations.
台湾实行集约农业，堆肥施用作为改善土壤物理性质和提供植物养分的一种手段非常普遍。我们测试了接种耐热微生物以缩短由堆肥制备的生物肥料的腐熟时间并提高其质量的潜力。
从堆肥中分离出耐热微生物并重新接种以制备生物肥料。在堆肥过程中测定生物肥料的物理、化学和生物学性质。还研究了生物肥料施用对油菜生长和产量的影响。
在3823个耐热微生物菌落中，嗜热硝化链霉菌NTU - 88、链球菌属NTU - 130和烟曲霉NTU - 132表现出高生长速率以及纤维素分解和蛋白水解活性。当用这些分离物接种稻草和猪粪的混合物并堆肥61天时，堆肥过程中底物温度先升高后逐渐降低。底物pH从7.3升高到8.5。微生物接种提高了腐熟速率，增加了灰分、总氮和固定态氮的含量，提高了苜蓿种子的发芽率，并降低了总有机碳含量和碳氮比。生物肥料的施用增加了油菜的生长和产量。
将耐热和嗜热微生物接种到农业废弃物中制备生物肥料可提高腐熟速率并改善所得生物肥料的质量。在生物肥料制备中接种合适的微生物可能在农业生产中得到有效应用。
