Shang Cui, Chen Anwei, Chen Guiqiu, Li Huanke, Guan Song, He Jianmin
College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2017 Jan;181(1):1-14. doi: 10.1007/s12010-016-2195-4. Epub 2016 Jul 20.
Biofertilizers have been widely used in many countries for their benefit to soil biological and physicochemical properties. A new microbial biofertilizer containing Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Bacillus thuringiensis was prepared to decrease nicotine content in tobacco leaves by regulating soil nitrogen supply. Soil NO-N, NH-N, nitrogen supply-related enzyme activities, and nitrogen accumulation in plant leaves throughout the growing period were investigated to explore the mechanism of nicotine reduction. The experimental results indicated that biofertilizer can reduce the nicotine content in tobacco leaves, with a maximum decrement of 16-18 % in mature upper leaves. In the meantime, the total nitrogen in mature lower and middle leaves increased with the application of biofertilizer, while an opposite result was observed in upper leaves. Protein concentration in leaves had similar fluctuation to that of total nitrogen in response to biofertilizer. NO-N content and nitrate reductase activity in biofertilizer-amended soil increased by 92.3 and 42.2 %, respectively, compared to those in the control, whereas the NH-N and urease activity decreased by 37.8 and 29.3 %, respectively. Nitrogen uptake was improved in the early growing stage, but this phenomenon was not observed during the late growth period. Nicotine decrease is attributing to the adjustment of biofertilizer in soil nitrogen supply and its uptake in tobacco, which result in changes of nitrogen content as well as its distribution in tobacco leaves. The application of biofertilizer containing P. chrysosporium and B. thuringiensis can reduce the nicotine content and improve tobacco quality, which may provide some useful information for tobacco cultivation.
生物肥料因其对土壤生物和物理化学性质有益，已在许多国家广泛使用。制备了一种含有黄孢原毛平革菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌的新型微生物生物肥料，以通过调节土壤氮供应来降低烟叶中的尼古丁含量。研究了整个生长期间土壤中的硝态氮、铵态氮、与氮供应相关的酶活性以及植物叶片中的氮积累，以探索尼古丁含量降低的机制。实验结果表明，生物肥料可降低烟叶中的尼古丁含量，成熟上部叶片中尼古丁含量最多可降低16 - 18%。同时，施用生物肥料后，成熟下部和中部叶片中的总氮含量增加，而上部叶片则出现相反的结果。叶片中的蛋白质浓度响应生物肥料的变化与总氮相似。与对照相比，施用生物肥料的土壤中硝态氮含量和硝酸还原酶活性分别增加了92.3%和42.2%，而铵态氮和脲酶活性分别降低了37.8%和29.3%。在生长早期氮吸收得到改善，但在生长后期未观察到这种现象。尼古丁含量降低归因于生物肥料对土壤氮供应及其在烟草中吸收的调节，这导致了氮含量及其在烟叶中分布的变化。施用含有黄孢原毛平革菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌的生物肥料可降低尼古丁含量并提高烟草品质，这可能为烟草种植提供一些有用信息。
