Tiwana Paul S, Turvey Timothy A
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Louisville, School of Dentistry, 501 South Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2004 Nov;16(4):493-501. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2004.08.001.
The esthetic stigmata and functional impairments associated with craniofacial deformities have long challenged surgeons in the management of deficiencies of the middle third of the face. By their very nature, craniofacial anomalies are repetitive patterns of deformity that affect the different functional and esthetic subunits of the facial hard and soft tissues. Although numerous procedures exist for the management of the various craniofacial malformations in the middle third of the facial skeleton, only the subcranial Le Fort III osteotomy addresses all of the functional and esthetic components of total midface deficiency, when considering an extracranial approach for surgical correction of the deformity. This article discusses craniofacial dysostosis and total midface deficiency and the techniques and care involved with both.
与颅面畸形相关的美学瑕疵和功能障碍长期以来一直给外科医生在处理面部中三分之一缺损方面带来挑战。就其本质而言，颅面异常是影响面部硬软组织不同功能和美学亚单位的重复性畸形模式。尽管有许多手术方法可用于处理面部骨骼中三分之一的各种颅面畸形，但在考虑采用颅外手术矫正畸形时，只有经颅底的Le Fort III截骨术能解决整个中面部缺损的所有功能和美学问题。本文讨论颅面骨发育不全和整个中面部缺损以及与之相关的技术和护理。
