McDonough Meghan H, Crocker Peter R E
Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2007 Oct;29(5):645-63. doi: 10.1123/jsep.29.5.645.
Self-determination theory suggests that when psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness are met, participants experience more self-determined types of motivation and more positive outcomes. Limited research has examined this mediational role of self-determined motivation in adult physical activity participants, and very few studies have included assessments of relatedness. This study tested the hypothesis that self-determined motivation would mediate the relationship between psychological need fulfillment and affective and behavioral outcomes. Adult dragon boaters (N = 558) between the ages of 19 and 83 completed a questionnaire on motivational aspects of dragon boating. Competence, relatedness, and autonomy all significantly predicted self-determined motivation, but self-determined motivation only partially mediated their relationship with positive and negative affect. These findings demonstrate the importance of all three needs in adult activity motivation and suggest that the relationships between needs, self-determination, and outcomes may be complex.
自我决定理论表明，当自主性、能力和关联性等心理需求得到满足时，参与者会体验到更多自我决定类型的动机和更积极的结果。有限的研究考察了自我决定动机在成年体育活动参与者中的这种中介作用，而且很少有研究包括对关联性的评估。本研究检验了以下假设：自我决定动机将介导心理需求满足与情感和行为结果之间的关系。年龄在19至83岁之间的成年龙舟运动员（N = 558）完成了一份关于龙舟运动动机方面的问卷。能力、关联性和自主性均显著预测了自我决定动机，但自我决定动机仅部分介导了它们与积极和消极情绪的关系。这些发现证明了这三种需求在成人活动动机中的重要性，并表明需求、自我决定和结果之间的关系可能很复杂。
