Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Department of Community Medicine, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa state, Nigeria.
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 7;17(6):e0269155. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269155. eCollection 2022.
Based on the self-determination theory, the psychological requirements for competence, autonomy, and relatedness boost beneficial exercise behaviour for healthy living. However, there is no valid, reliable Malay version scale to investigate the extent to which these psychological needs are met. The main purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a Malay version of the Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise (PNSE-M) scale. In addition, the purpose of this study was to confirm the measurement and structural invariance of the PNSE-M across gender.
The study participants included 919 students (male: 49.6%, female: 50.4%), with a mean age of 20.4 years (standard deviation = 1.5). The participants were selected through convenience sampling. The 18-item PNSE-M was used to measure psychological need satisfaction in exercise. The English version of the PNSE was translated into Malay using standard forward-backward translation. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and invariance tests were performed on the three domains of the PNSE-M model. Composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), internal consistency based on Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest reliabilities using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were also computed.
After some model re-specification, the CFA findings based on the hypothesised measurement model of three factors and 18 items indicated acceptable factor structure (CFI = .936, TLI = .923, SRMR = .054, RMSEA = .059). The CR and AVE values were .864-.902 and .573-.617, respectively. Cronbach's alpha was .891-.908, and the ICC was .980-.985. The findings supported the full measurement and structural invariance of the PNSE-M for both male and female participants. The CFA model matched the data well for both male (CFI = .926, SRMR = .057, RMSEA = .066) and female (CFI = .926, SRMR = .060, RMSEA = .065) participants.
The PNSE-M with three factors and 18 items is considered to be a valid, reliable instrument for university students in Malaysia. It is valid for use to make meaningful comparisons across gender.
基于自我决定理论，对能力、自主和相关的心理需求促进了有益于健康生活的锻炼行为。然而，目前还没有有效的、可靠的马来语版本量表来调查这些心理需求的满足程度。本研究的主要目的是检验马来语版心理需求满足在锻炼中的量表（PNSE-M）的心理测量特性。此外，本研究的目的是确认 PNSE-M 在性别上的测量和结构不变性。
研究参与者包括 919 名学生（男生：49.6%，女生：50.4%），平均年龄 20.4 岁（标准差=1.5）。参与者通过方便抽样选择。使用 18 项 PNSE-M 测量锻炼中心理需求的满足感。PNSE 的英文版本使用标准的正向-反向翻译翻译成马来语。对 PNSE-M 模型的三个领域进行验证性因素分析（CFA）和不变性检验。还计算了复合可靠性（CR）、平均方差提取（AVE）、基于 Cronbach's alpha 的内部一致性和使用组内相关系数（ICC）的测试-重测信度。
在对模型进行一些重新规范后，基于三个因素和 18 个项目的假设测量模型的 CFA 结果表明具有可接受的因子结构（CFI=.936，TLI=.923，SRMR=.054，RMSEA=.059）。CR 和 AVE 值分别为.864-.902 和.573-.617。Cronbach's alpha 为.891-.908，ICC 为.980-.985。研究结果支持 PNSE-M 对男性和女性参与者的完全测量和结构不变性。CFA 模型很好地匹配了男性（CFI=.926，SRMR=.057，RMSEA=.066）和女性（CFI=.926，SRMR=.060，RMSEA=.065）参与者的数据。
具有三个因素和 18 个项目的 PNSE-M 被认为是马来西亚大学生的一种有效、可靠的工具。它可以有效地用于在性别之间进行有意义的比较。
