Ripamonti Ugo, Richter Paul Wilhelm, Thomas Michael Edward
Johannesburg and Pretoria, South Africa From the Bone Research Unit, the Medical Research Council at the University of the Witwatersrand, and Materials Science and Manufacturing Technology, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007 Dec;120(7):1796-1807. doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000287133.43718.89.
The authors investigated in nonhuman primates (Papio ursinus) whether it is possible to engineer biomimetic matrices that induce the differentiation of osteoblastic cells expressing selected osteogenic mRNA species of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta superfamily.
Four types of sintered hydroxyapatite and biphasic hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate bioceramics were evaluated as osteoinductive self-inducing biomimetic matrices. Matrices were fabricated with a series of repetitive concavities that initiate the induction of bone formation as a secondary response. Single-phase hydroxyapatite, biphasic hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate, and carbon-impregnated single-phase hydroxyapatite, the latter with fine and coarse porosities, were implanted heterotopically in the rectus abdominis. Specimens for orthotopic calvarial implantation were a total of 16 macroporous disks 25 mm in diameter of single-phase hydroxyapatite and biphasic hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate.
Heterotopic specimens 90 and 180 days after implantation showed the induction of bone within concavities of the biomimetic matrices. Northern blot analyses of heterotopic specimens showed that carbon-impregnated single-phase hydroxyapatite specimens induced high expression of osteogenic protein-1 mRNA, correlating with the induction of bone formation. Collagen type IV mRNA was highly expressed, particularly on day 90, by all the implanted matrices. Orthotopic specimens showed substantial bone formation across the implanted constructs.
Self-induced bone has been achieved via the deployment of osteogenic molecular signals expressed by differentiating osteoblastic-like cells, later secreted and embedded into the smart concavities of the biomimetic matrices. The described biomimetic matrices induce de novo bone formation even in the absence of exogenously applied osteogenic proteins of the TGF-beta superfamily.
作者在非人灵长类动物（南非山狒狒）中研究了是否有可能构建仿生基质，诱导表达转化生长因子（TGF）-β超家族选定成骨mRNA种类的成骨细胞分化。
评估了四种类型的烧结羟基磷灰石和双相羟基磷灰石/磷酸三钙生物陶瓷作为骨诱导性自诱导仿生基质。这些基质有着一系列重复性凹陷结构，引发骨形成诱导作为次级反应。单相羟基磷灰石、双相羟基磷灰石/磷酸三钙以及碳浸渍单相羟基磷灰石（后者有细孔隙和粗孔隙）被异位植入腹直肌。原位颅骨植入的标本是总共16个直径25毫米的大孔盘，材料为单相羟基磷灰石和双相羟基磷灰石/磷酸三钙。
植入后90天和180天的异位标本显示，仿生基质的凹陷处有骨诱导现象。异位标本的Northern印迹分析表明，碳浸渍单相羟基磷灰石标本诱导了成骨蛋白-1 mRNA的高表达，这与骨形成的诱导相关。所有植入基质均高表达IV型胶原mRNA，尤其是在第90天。原位标本显示植入结构处有大量骨形成。
通过分化的类成骨细胞表达的成骨分子信号的部署，随后分泌并嵌入仿生基质的智能凹陷中，实现了自诱导骨形成。所描述的仿生基质即使在没有外源性应用TGF-β超家族成骨蛋白的情况下也能诱导新生骨形成。
